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NCLEX UWorld Pharmacology Questions and Answers Rated A
Nephrotoxic Meds ✔✔-mycin antibiotics (aminoglycides) -keterolac (Toradol) -NSAIDs -digoxin
Hepatotoxic Meds ✔✔-tylenol -NSAIDs
Naloxone (Narcan) ✔✔-weans in 1-2 hours -IV or nasal spray -if unresponsive d/t anesthesia or opioids: administer oxygen, assess respiratory rate, notify HCP, prepare second dose Narcan, no need to call rapid response/code team
NSAIDs ✔✔NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
-ex: aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen
-use at lowest dose necessary for short amount of time
-risks: GI toxicity, kidney injury, HTN, heart failure, bleeding risk
-do not use if hx cardiac problems
Aspirin ✔✔-side effects: black tarry stools, ringing in ears (earliest sign), bruising, tachycardia, hypotension
-ASA toxicity: treated with activated charcoal then IV sodium bicarbonate, sx
disorientation/vomiting/diaphoresis/restlessness, tinnitus
Opioids ✔✔-if taking extended release for chronic pain teach to take even if pain is not present -monitor respiratory status when taking with short acting opioids -IV 2-3 minute push then check 15-30 minutes after admin -nausea/vomiting usually subsides after initial treatment -take with food
EX -morphine -hydrocodone -codeine
-fentanyl -heroin (illegal substance)
SE -sedation -respiratory depression -hypotension -constipation -risk for addiction
Codeine ✔✔-narcotic used for acute pain or cough suppressant -can cause accumulation of secretions so do not prescribe to people with respiratory disorders
Topical Medications ✔✔-allow 30 minutes before washing off to ensure medication is absorbed -avoid heat -local irritation is common
Clozapine ✔✔-antipsychotic
-increased risk for infection -serial white blood count testing is necessary -report all s/s of infection
SE -weight gain -drooling -significant sedation -agranulocytosis
Lithium ✔✔-prescribed for bipolar disorder -if kidney issues are present (including dehydration) question prescription
LITHIUM TOXICITY
-n/v, diarrhea, confusion, agitation
SE -drowsiness
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