Review Exercises Chapter 1

Elementary Statistics A Step-by-Step Approach, 2nd Canadian Edition, 2e Allan Bluman, John Mayer

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Elementary Statistics, A Step-by-Step Approach, Canadian Edition Solutions Manual © McGraw-Hill Ryerson 2011

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Review Exercises – Chapter 1 1.Descriptive statistics describes a set of data. Inferential statistics uses a set of data to make predictions about a population.

2.Probability deals with events that occur by chance. It is used in gambling and insurance.

3.Answers will vary.

4.A population is the totality of all subjects under study. A sample is a subgroup of the population.

5.When the population is large, the researcher saves time and money using samples.Samples are used when the units must be destroyed.

6.

• Inferential
• Descriptive
• Descriptive
• Descriptive
• Inferential
• Inferential
• Descriptive
• Inferential

7.

• ratio
• ordinal
• ratio
• interval
• ratio
• ordinal
• ratio
• ratio
• nominal
• ratio

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Elementary Statistics, A Step-by-Step Approach, Canadian Edition Solutions Manual © McGraw-Hill Ryerson 2011

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8.

• quantitative
• qualitative
• quantitative
• quantitative
• qualitative
• quantitative
• qualitative

9.

• discrete
• continuous
• continuous
• continuous
• discrete
• discrete
• continuous

10.

• 42.75 – 42.85 km
• 1.55 – 1.65 ml
• 5.355 – 5.365 g
• 17.5 – 18.5 kg
• 13.75 – 13.85 °C
• 39.5 – 40.5 cm

11.Random samples are selected by using chance methods or random numbers. Systematic samples are selected by numbering each subject and selecting every kth number.Stratified samples are selected by dividing the population into groups and selecting from each group. Cluster samples are selected by using intact groups called clusters.

12.

• cluster
• systematic
• random
• systematic
• stratified

13.Answers will vary.

14.Answers will vary.

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Elementary Statistics, A Step-by-Step Approach, Canadian Edition Solutions Manual © McGraw-Hill Ryerson 2011

Chapter 1 Page 1-3

15.Answers will vary.

16.Answers will vary.

17.

• experimental
• observational
• observational
• experimental

18.a.Independent variable - type of pill taken Dependent variable - number of infections

b.Independent variable - colour of car Dependent variable - running red lights

c.Independent variable - level of hostility Dependent variable - cholesterol level

d.Independent variable - type of diet Dependent variable - blood pressure

19.Answers will vary.

• Possible answers include: overall health of participants, amount of exposure to infected

individuals through the workplace or home

• gender and/or age of driver, time of day
• diet, general health, heredity factors
• amount of exercise, heredity factors

20.Only twenty people were used in the study.

21.Claims can be proven only if the entire population is used.

22.The statement is meaningless since there is no definition of "the road less traveled." Also, there is no way to know that for every 100 women, 91 would say that they have taken "the road less traveled."

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