Section 1 NCLEX Questions by class-KEY

Section 1 NCLEX Questions by class-KEY

• Which of the following are risk factors of cancer?
• Smoking
• Age
• Genetics
• Alcohol consumption
• Exercise

Rationale: Risk factors for cancer include hormones, alcohol, immunosuppression, genetics, age, smoking, sun exposure, diet, lifestyle, morbidity, environment, exposure to radiation, UV light. Exercise can help prevent cancer formation.

• TRUE OR FALSE: Malignant tumors may spread to other tissues or organs, while benign tumors do

not.A.True B.False Rationale: Malignant tumors are cancerous and have a tendency to spread and invade other tissues and organs.

3. MULTIPLE CHOICE: What diagnostic study can be used to diagnose cancer?

A.Biopsy B.Ultrasound C.Blood tests D.Sputum culture Rationale: Biopsy’s can be used to determine if a tumor is cancerous and how to treat it. Ultrasounds, blood tests, and sputum cultures are not the most effective.

• MULTIPLE CHOICE: Examples of primary prevention include:

A.Colonoscopy at age 50 B.Avoidance of tobacco products C.Intake of a diet low in saturated fat in a patient with high cholesterol D.Teaching the importance of exercise to a patient with hypertension Rationale: Primary prevention occurs before a patient is diagnosed and before screening.

5. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Which is NOT an example of a chronic illness?

A.Hypertension

B.COPD

C.Bronchitis D.Diabetes

Rationale: Bronchitis is an example of an acute illness.

• TRUE OR FALSE: An acutely ill patient should be assessed prior to interview to confirm they are

stable?A.True B.False Rationale: When you think about acute patients, your patient doesn’t “look right” you must assess FIRST to know they are stable!

• . How can increased IOP cause glaucoma?

Glaucoma is caused by angle closure due to the reduction in outflow of aqueous humor, leading to damage to the optic nerve.

• Cataracts is the opacity within the ______ ?

Lens

• Which eye condition is reversible, glaucoma or cataracts.

Cataracts

• What are common manifestations of primary open-angle glaucoma?

Optic disc cupping, visual field defects, elevated IOP, halos, Gradual loss of peripheral vision.

• What are common manifestations of acute angle closure glaucoma?

Colored halos, ocular redness, blurry vision.

• What is tonopen for?

Measuring IOP

• What is the main, first line of treatment for glaucoma caused by a decrease in aqueous outflow?

PG’s , alpha adrenergic agonist, cholinergic agonist.

14.A client with anemia has a nursing diagnosis of activity intolerance. Which of the following interventions will the nurse plan for this client?A.Promote active and passive range-of-motion activities.B.B. Space activities and plan rest periods.C.C. Teach the client to change position slowly to prevent dizziness.D.D. Teach the client the basics of good nutrition.

Answer: Space activities and plan rest periods.

Rationale: The client with activity intolerance tires easily, so it is best for the nurse to plan care and activities around periods of rest. Teaching good nutrition will not help the

client to be less tired. Promoting range of motion does not address the issue of fatigue, nor does teaching the client to change position slowly.

15.When a client is in Afib, which medication is appropriate to use?A.Diltiazem B.B. Captopril C.C. Digoxin D.D. Nitroglycerin

Answer: Diltiazem

Rationale: Diltiazem is calcium channel blocker treating an irregular, often rapid heart rate.

16.A patient who has just been admitted with pulmonary edema is scheduled to receive the following medications. Which medication should the nurse question before giving?A.Furosemide (Lasix) 60 mg.B.B. Captopril (Captopril) 25 mg C.C. Digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.125 mg

• Carvedilol (Coreg) 3.125 mg

Answer: D

Rationale: Although carvedilol is appropriate for the treatment of chronic heart failure, it is not used for patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) because of the risk of worsening the heart failure. The other medications are appropriate for the patient with ADHF.

• Which of the following patients are at risk for developing Cushing’s Syndrome?*
• A patient with a tumor on the pituitary gland, which is causing too much ACTH to be secreted.
• A patient taking glucocorticoids for several weeks.
• A patient with a tuberculosis infection.