S-1 Solutions Manual to End-of-Chapter Questions I nternational Economics 2e Freenstra (Solutions Manual All C hapters, 100% Original Ve rified, A+ Grade) 1 / 4
Trade in the Global Economy 1.Figures 1-2 and 1-7 rely on data from the year 2006, and Figure 1-6 relies on data from 2005, to map worldwide trade, migration, and foreign direct investment. Up- dated data for migration and foreign direct investment were not available at the time of writing this chapter, but are available for worldwide trade. In this question you are asked to update the numbers for world trade shown in Table 1-1.a.Go to the World Trade Organization website at www. wto. org and look for their trade data under “Resources” and “Statistics.” 1 Look for the most recent edition of their International Trade Statistics publication, then go to “Trade by Region” and find the Excel spreadsheet with “Intra- and Inter-regional Merchandise Trade.” Print out this table. If you cannot find the website or spreadsheet, use the 2005 table for “In-
tra- and Inter-regional Merchandise Trade,” which is printed below:
b.From this table, what is the total amount of trade within Europe? What percent- age is this of total world trade?
Answer: $4,695 billion, which is 29. 9% of the world total
S-3 1 Destination North South & Middle Origin America Central America Europe CIS* Africa East Asia World Value World $2,708 $583 $6,736 $517 $458 $618 $3,903 $15,717 North America 1,015 165 369 16 34 60 376 2,036 South & Central America 169 159 121 9 17 12 101 600 Europe 475 96 4,695 240 186 189 487 6,447 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 3610 406 135 11 25 77 703 Africa 122 19 218 2 53 14 114 558 Middle East 1177 126 7 37 122 569 1,021 Asia 775 128 801 108 121 196 2,181 4,353
Source: WTO, International Trade Statistices 2009
Intra- and Inter-regional Merchandise Trade, 2008 (Billions of U.S. Dollars) 1 The trade statistics are at http://www. wto. org/english/res_e/statis_e/its2009_e/its09_world_trade_dev_e. htm. 2 / 4
c.What is the total amount of trade (in either direction) between Europe and North America? Add that to the total trade within Europe, and calculate the per- centage of this to the world total.Answer: $(369■ 475) $844 billion. Adding that to intra-European trade, we obtain 35. 2% of the world total.d.What is the total amount of trade within the Americas (i. e. , between North America, Central America, South America, and within each of these regions)?What percentage is this of total world trade?Answer: $(1,015 + 165 + 169 + 159) = $1,508 billion, or 9. 6% of the world total e.What is the total value of exports from Europe and the Americas and what per- centage is this of the world total?Answer: $(2,036 + 600 + 6,447) = $8,983 billion, or 57. 8% of the world total f.What is the total value of exports from Asia, and what percentage is this of the world total?
Answer: $4,353 billion, which is 27. 7% of the world total
g.What is the total value of exports from the Middle East and the Commonwealth of Independent States 2 and what percentage is this of the world total?
Answer: $(1,021■ 703) $1,724 billion, which is 11% of the world total
h.What is the total value of exports from Africa, and what percentage is this of the world total?
Answer: $298 billion, which is 3. 5% of the world total
i.How do your answers to (b) through (h) compare with the shares of worldwide trade shown in Table 1-1?Answer: The shares computed in (b) through (h) are quite similar to Table 1. 1.Both are within one percentage point of Table 1-1.
2.The quotation from Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke at the beginning of the chapter is from a speech that he presented in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, on August 25, 2006, entitled “Global Economic Integration: What’s New and What’s Not?” The full transcript of the speech is available at http://www/federalreserve. gov/ newsevents/speech/bernanke20060825a. htm. Read this speech and answer the fol-
lowing questions:
a.List three ways in which international trade today is not that different from the trade that occurred before World War I.
Answer:
i) Physical distance is the same.
ii) New transportation methods allow for more trade.iii) Governments foster open trade, as well as financial flows.iv) Some groups are opposed to free trade.
v) The range of goods that are tradable has broadened.
b.List three ways in which international trade today does differ from the trade that occurred before World War I.
Answer:
i) Intra-industry trade has increased.
S-4Solutions ■Chapter 1 Trade in the Global Economy 2 The Commonwealth of Independent States consists of: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Ukraine. 3 / 4
ii) Information and communication technologies permit trade in services.iii) Scale and pace of growth in trade is faster.iv) Core-periphery pattern is no longer relevant.
v) Fragmentation of production processes has occurred.
vi) Capital markets are more mature, and gross flows are larger.Solutions ■Chapter 1 Trade in the Global Economy S-5
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