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STRAIGHTERLINE PHILOSOPHY FINAL
EXAM
WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS.
philosophy - correct answer- love of wisdom or knowledge; encompasses all other disciplines
epistemology - correct answer- the theory or study of
knowledge. It asks: How do we know what we know, and can
we know anything at all?
metaphysics - correct answer- the branch of philosophy most interested in the question of reality and existence
axiology - correct answer- study of value; deals with artistic value or the value of self-expression
ethics - correct answer- looks at what is right and wrong, moral character, and virtue
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logic - correct answer- a device used in philosophy that refers to both an area of philosophical inquiry and a tool to pursue knowledge
Socratic Method - correct answer- a philosophical method where questions and answers lead to wisdom
circular reasoning - correct answer- finds a conclusion based upon an assumption that is basically the same thing as the conclusion
black or white fallacy - correct answer- assumes that answers to questions must be once conclusion or its total opposite
red herring fallacy - correct answer- an attempt to discredit another philosophical proposition by invoking another unrelated point
straw man fallacy - correct answer- when philosophers misrepresent the view of another philosopher to repudiate their conclusions
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Heraclitus - correct answer- "You cannot step in the same river twice"; believed the world was essentially made up of fire and that the world is ever changing, dynamic, and constantly on the move
Parmenides - correct answer- believed that all being and all reality is one, unified, and unchanging; knowledge comes from oneself and not the senses
Atomism - correct answer- the philosophical position that all things consist of minute, imperceptible, and indivisible particles; led by Leucippus and Democritus
arche - correct answer- a substance that causes and constitutes all things in the world
Pythagoras - correct answer- believed that all matter in the world was made up of numbers (hence his famous theorem)
Sophists - correct answer- Greek philosophers well-known for their oratorical skill, as they taught students how to argue and persuade an audience
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