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Instructor’s Manual Fo r Martin · Roberts · Mintz · McMurry · Jones A merica and Its Pe oples A Mosaic in the Making Volume 1 (Study Edition) F ifth Edition Prepared by Austin Allen 1 / 4
Table of Contents Prefacev
- Chapter Guides
Chapter 1: The Peopling and Unpeopling of America 1
Chapter 2: Plantations and Cities Upon a Hill, 1620-1700 11
Chapter 3: Provincial America in Upheaval, 1660-1760 21
Chapter 4: Breaking the Bonds of Empire, 1760-1775 29
Chapter 5: The Times That Tried Many Souls, 1775-1783 39
Chapter 6: Securing the Republic and Its Ideals, 1776-1789 47
Chapter 7: The Formative Decade, 1789-1800 57
Chapter 8: The Jeffersonians in Power, 1800-1815 65
Chapter 9: Nationalism, Economic Growth, and the Roots of Sectional
Conflict, 1815-1824 73
Chapter 10: Power and Politics in Jackson’s America 83
Chapter 11: America’s First Age of Reform 93
Chapter 12: The Divided North, The Divided South 101
Chapter 13: Cultures Collide in the Far West 109
Chapter 14: The House Divided 117
Chapter 15: A Nation Shattered by Civil War, 1860-1865 125
Chapter 16: The Nation Reconstructed: North, South, and the West, 1865-1877 133
Chapter 17: Emergence as an Economic Power 143
Chapter 18: The Rise of an Urban Society and City People 153
Chapter 19: End of the Century Crisis 161
Chapter 20: Imperial America, 1870-1900 169
Chapter 21: The Progressive Struggle, 1900-1917 177 2 / 4
Chapter 22: The United States and World War I 187
Chapter 23: Modern Times, 1920-1929 195
Chapter 24: The Age of Roosevelt 205
Chapter 25: The End of Isolation: America Faces the World, 1920-1945 213
Chapter 26: Waging Peace and War 223
Chapter 27: Ike’s America 229
Chapter 28: Vietnam and the Crisis of Authority 237
Chapter 29: The Struggle for a Just Society 245
Chapter 30: Power Shifts: The Emergence of the South and West 255
Chapter 31: Crisis and Resurgence, 1970-1990 261
Chapter 32: America in Our Time 269 3 / 4
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CHAPTER 1
The Peopling and Unpeopling of America
CHAPTER SYNOPSIS
Chapter One surveys the initial peopling of the Americas and the development of indigenous cultures. The chapter then discusses various influences on European exploration and expansion, followed by a discussion on both the establishment of New Spain and the early English, French, and Dutch efforts to gain a foothold in North America.
The chapter conveys the following key points:
• Millions of people lived in the Americas before European contact, and over the centuries, these people developed sophisticated tribes and nations.• European exploration brought the New World and the Old World into contact and produced the Colombian Exchange.• The Colombian Exchange brought killer diseases to the Americas and drew its inhabitants into disruptive trade networks.• The Spanish built the first major European empire in the Americas. The English and French eventually established successful colonies in present-day Virginia and Quebec, respectively.
I. SQUANTO SAVES THE PILGRIMS
The life of Squanto (Tisquantum), a Patuxet Indian who helped the Pilgrims, serves as a metaphor for Native American-Euro-American relations.
II. THE FIRST DISCOVERY OF AMERICA
The Wisconsin glaciation of North America created Beringia, a land bridge that connected Asia and America. Paleo-Indians following big game crossed this bridge to Alaska, eventually migrating throughout North and South America. Global warming and possibly overkilling led to the extinction of the big game animals, precipitating an agricultural revolution in America. This revolution stimulated a rapid increase in the indigenous American population and was accompanied by a growing cultural diversity.Strong, agriculturally oriented cultures developed in several regions, including the Mayas and Aztecs in Mesoamerica, the Incas in Peru, and the Moundbuilders and Mississippians in the Ohio-Mississippi Valley. By 1500, between 50 and 120 million people lived in the Americas.They spoke as many as 2,200 different languages and followed a variety of lifestyles.
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