TERRI ANNA JOHNSON - EXPLORING THE WORL D THROUGH DATA SECOND EDITIO...

TEST BANK

TERRI ANNA JOHNSON

L

INDA DAWSON

NANCY BOUDREAU

INTRODUCTORY STATISTICS:

EXPLORING THE WORLD THROUGH DATA

SECOND EDITION

Robert Gould Colleen Ryan Answers At The End Of Each Chapter 1 / 4

Chapter 1 Test A 1-1 Chapter 1 Test A - Multiple Choice Section 1.1 (What are Data?) 1.[Objective: Understand data.] Data can be defined as numbers in context. Suppose you are

given the following set of numbers:

1.73, 1.83, 1.57, 1.88, 1.70, 1.65

What additional information would allow you to define these numbers as data?a.Units of measurement. This could represent the heights of six 5-year-olds, in meters.b.Units of measurement. This could represent the heights of six 20-year-olds, in meters.c.We need to know where these numbers were collected.d.We need to know who collected these numbers.Section 1.2 (Classifying and Storing Data) 2.[Objective: Understand methods for coding categorical variables.] According to the following data table, which variable(s) is(are) categorical?AgeGender Weight Ethnicity

23 1 180 1

18 0 126 0

20 0 139 2

19 1 154 1

20 1 202 3

a.None are categorical because there are only numbers in the table b.Age, gender, and ethnicity c.Gender and ethnicity d.Gender 3.[Objective: Distinguish between stacked and unstacked data.] The following data table is organized using which method?Men’s Ages Women’s Ages 35 42 39 33 41 37 37 35 40 39 a.This is stacked data because the ages are separated by groups (in this case, gender).b.This is stacked data because each row represents one person.c.This is unstacked data because the ages are separated by groups (in this case, gender).d.This is unstacked data because each row represents one person.

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1-2 Chapter 1 Test A 4.[Objective: Distinguish between numerical and categorical variables.] Determine which of the following five variables are numerical and which are categorical.age, gender, weight, ethnicity, favorite math class a.All of the variables are categorical.b.All of the variables are numerical.c.Age, weight, and favorite math class are numerical variables. Gender and ethnicity are categorical variables.d.Age and weight are numerical variables. Gender, ethnicity, and favorite math class are categorical variables.

5.[Objective: Distinguish between a population and a sample.] In a recent school poll, the administrators asked if students were satisfied with the school’s course offerings.What is the population of interest here?a.All students who are satisfied with the course offerings.b.All students who are not satisfied with the course offerings.c.All students who attend the school.d.All students who participated in the poll.Section 1.3 (Organizing Categorical Data)

6.[Objective: Understand what types of variables are used in two-

way tables.] A two-way table is useful for describing which types of variables?a.Two numerical variables.b.Two categorical variables.c.One numerical variable.d.One numerical variable and one categorical variable.

7.[Objective: Find and use rates (including percentages).] In a study of 1200 adults, 480 out of the 630 women in the study said they attended a state college or university. What percent of the study’s participants were women?a.40%

• 47.5%

c.

52.5% d.

76.2% 8.[Objective: Find and use rates (including percentages).] In a study of 1200 adults, 480 out of the 630 women in the study said they attended a state college or university. What percent of women attended a state college or university?a.40%

• 47.5%

c.

52.5% d.

76.2%

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Chapter 1 Test A 1-3

• [Objective: Find and use rates (including percentages).] According to the following two-way

table, what percent of people in the sample prefer dogs?

FemaleMale Dog 2540 1025Cat

• 25%
• 35%
• 40%
• 65%

• [Objective: Understand when and why percents are more useful than counts for describing

and comparing groups.] According to the following two-way table, why are percentages more useful than counts to compare pet preferences between males and females?

FemaleMale Dog 2540 1025Cat

a.There are more males than females in the sample.b.There are more people who prefer dogs than cats in the sample.c.You should only use counts in a two-way table.d.You should only use percentages in a two-way table.Section 1.4 (Collecting Data to Understand Causality) 11.[

Objective: Distinguish between observational studies and controlled

experiments.] Determine if the following scenario is an observational study or a controlled experiment.A doctor is interested in determining whether a certain medication increases the risk of high blood pressure. He randomly selects 100 people for his study - 50 who will take the medication, and 50 who will take a placebo. He checks the patients’ blood pressures weekly for six months.a.Observational study b.Controlled experiment c.Neither 12.[

Objective: Distinguish between observational studies and controlled

experiments.] Determine if the following scenario is an observational study or a controlled experiment.A doctor is interested in determining whether a certain medication increases the risk of high blood pressure. He reviews his patients’ medical records and finds that a higher proportion of people who take the medication are suffering from high blood pressure.a.Observational study b.Controlled experiment c.Neither .

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