Test Bank all Chapter

Earth, An Introduction to Physical Geology 4th Canadian Edition 4e Edward Tarbuck, Frederick Lutgens, Cameron Tsujita, Stephen Hicock

(Test Bank all Chapter)

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1 © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc.

Chapter 1 An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions

1) The word "Geology" is derived from Greek meaning ________.

• discourse of the Earth
• rocks form all lands
• the logic of rocks
• geographic theology

Answer: A

Diff: 1

Topic: The Science of Geology

2) The principle goal of physical geology is to study ________.

• ongoing natural processes and the products they create
• mankind and the environment
• Earth's evolution with time
• physical processes that affect the earth and its resources as opposed to chemical or biologic

processes

Answer: A

Diff: 2

Topic: The Science of Geology

3) ________ includes the study of how rocks and minerals form and change according to physical, chemical, and biologic processes which affect everything from Earth's internal structures and tectonic plates to landscape evolution and crystal forms.

• Physical geology
• Historical geology
• Manifest destiny
• Catastrophism

Answer: A

Diff: 1

Topic: The Science of Geology

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2 © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc.4) What are the basic differences between the disciplines of physical and historical geology?

• Physical geology is the study of fossils and sequences of rock strata; historical geology is the

study of how rocks and minerals were used in the past.

• Historical geology involves the study of rock strata, fossils, and geologic events, utilizing the

geologic time scale as a reference; physical geology includes the study of how rocks form and of how erosion shapes the land surface.

• Physical geology involves the study of rock strata, fossils, and deposition in relation to plate

movements in the geologic past; historical geology charts how and where the plates were moving in the past.

• None; physical geology and historical geology are essentially the same.

Answer: B

Diff: 2

Topic: The Science of Geology

5) ________ involves the study of Earth's origin and development through time based on sequences of strata, fossils, and geologic events, utilizing the geologic time scale as a reference.

• Physical geology
• Historical geology
• Catastrophism
• Uniformitarianism

Answer: B

Diff: 1

Topic: The Science of Geology

6) Sir William Edmond Logan was appointed the first Director of The Geological Survey of Canada in 1842 and is noted for his observations and maps of ________.

• sandstones in Nunavut
• granites in Saskatchewan
• gold in Prince Edward Island
• coal beds in Wales, Nova Scotia, and copper deposits in Ontario

Answer: D

Diff: 2

Topic: The Science of Geology

7) Canada's highest mountain is ________.

• Mount Logan 5959 m elevation in the southwest corner of Yukon
• Mount Waddington in the Coast Mountains of B.C.
• Mount Rundle in the Canadian Rockies
• Mount Washington on Vancouver Island

Answer: A

Diff: 1

Topic: The Science of Geology

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3 © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc.8) In geologic theory, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, landslides, floods, and tsunamis are all

________.

• exceptions to the theory of uniformitarianism
• unique phenomena that can neither be predicted nor understood
• naturally recurring geologic hazards from ongoing physical processes
• divine punishments sent to discourage us of our evil ways

Answer: C

Diff: 2

Topic: The Science of Geology

9) A geologic understanding of natural resources includes ________ of extraction or usage for water, soil, metallic, non-metallic, and energy resources.

• the conditions of formation and the environmental impact
• the economic value and geographic location
• the size of deposits and cost
• the current corporate or political objective and most expedient means

Answer: A

Diff: 2

Topic: The Science of Geology

10) Earth's human population now is best described by which one of the following statements?

• just beginning to approach the world's population before the Second World War
• larger than it has ever been and increasing at a very high rate
• larger than it has ever been but will stabilize within the next 10 years
• increasing very rapidly in advanced, western countries and falling rapidly in third-world areas

such as Latin America and Africa

Answer: B

Diff: 2

Topic: The Science of Geology

11) Which one of the following is a logical consequence of the rapidly growing human population?

• Everybody will have much more fun because parties will be larger and more frequent.
• Competition for nonrenewable natural resources will intensify.
• Terrestrial, aquatic, and marine habitats will be unaffected by the rapid growth.
• Reduced government regulation and spending and the application of new technologies will

increase living standards and lessen environmental concerns.

Answer: B

Diff: 2

Topic: The Science of Geology

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