Test Bank all Chapters

Animal Physiology From Genes to Organisms, 2e Lauralee Sherwood, Hillar Klandorf, Paul Yancey

(Test Bank all Chapters) (Answer at the end of each Chapter)

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1

Homeostasis and Integration: The Foundations of Physiology

• Multiple Choice

Key/ Page

No.

b 1

• Physiology is the study of
• matter, energy and their interactions.
• how organisms function.
• the mind.
• temperament and character based on outward appearances.

a 1 2.

The process of maintaining physiological stability in the face of disturbance is referred to as

• homeostasis.
• homeothermy.
• home remedy.
• homeopathy.

c 1 3.

Which of the following statements is true?

• Structure/function relationships are evident at the organismal level, but not at the

molecular level.

• Evolution by natural selection led to physiologic adaptation historically, but is not

relevant to extant organisms.

• Homeostasis is the tendency toward relative stability in the internal environment

of an organism.

• Feedback control refers specifically to the homeostatic mechanisms that help

organisms stop eating when they’re satiated.

c 3 4.

The August Krogh Principle states that

• understanding physiology can only be accomplished through the study of

evolution by natural selection.

• the shortest distance between two points is a straight line.
• understanding physiological phenomena is enhanced by studying model

organisms that have adapted to deal with particular physiological challenges.

• salamanders are good for studying regeneration of limbs since what will be

learned can be applied to human medicine.

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2 a 6

• Which of the following is NOT part of the hypothetico-deductive method of scientific

investigation?

• proving one's hypothesis
• asking questions about the natural world
• proposing explanations for phenomena in the natural world
• designing experiments that enable one to test a hypothesis
• conducting experiments and making observations

b 7

• The smallest unit of life is
• a DNA molecule.
• a cell.
• an organelle.
• a virus.
• a protein.

e 7

• The basic functions of all cells include
• self-organization.
• self-regulation.
• self-support (structural) and movement.
• self-replication.
• all of the above

d 2 13-17

• Which of the following terms have NO relationship?
• adaptations and cost-benefit ratio
• homologous traits and a common ancestry
• negative feedback and set point
• feedforward system and acclimiatization
• antagonistic control and two effectors

e 9, 10

• The primary types of tissues found in animals are
• muscular.
• nervous.
• epithelial.
• connective.
• all of the above

a 9

• Which of the following is NOT an example of connective tissue?
• muscle
• bone
• blood
• tendon
• cartilage

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3 d 10 F 1-4

• Which of the following statements is true?
• The only physiological function for which surface-area-to-volume ratio is relevant

is digestion.

• The only physiological function for which surface-area-to-volume ratio is

irrelevant is reproduction.

• For any physiological function, a high surface-area-to-volume ratio is

advantageous.

• Surface area increases as the square of the linear dimension while volume

increases as the cube.

• All statements are true.

b 13

• With respect to thermoregulation, most fishes are
• regulators.
• conformers.
• warm-blooded.
• best fried.

c 13

• Enantiostasis is
• the maintenance of a nearly constant internal environment by direct

compensatory mechanisms.

• the maintenance of one of two constant internal environments, in which the two

environments are mirror images of each other.

• the maintenance of a nearly constant internal environment by an indirect

compensatory mechanism.

• none of these.

b 17

• From a physiological perspective, the increase in pelage (i.e. fur) that some mammals

experience in winter represents

• acclimation.
• acclimatization.
• adaptation.
• feedback inhibition.

b

17, 18

• Some hormones act to regulate the concentration of intracellular signals like cyclic

adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP, or cAMP) by activating or inhibiting adenylyl cyclase, the enzyme responsible for its production, or by activating or inhibiting phosphodiesterases, which are responsible for its destruction. Cyclic AMP, in turn, functions by activating enzyme cascades that set certain metabolic pathways in motion.The regulation of cAMP levels in cells is an example of

• homeostasis.
• rheostasis.
• equilibrium.
• adaptation.
• all of these.

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