Test Bank all Chapters

Biochemistry 6e Reginald Garrett Charles Grisham

(Test Bank all Chapters)

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Chapter 01 - The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena

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1. All are distinctive properties of living systems EXCEPT:

• Living organisms are relatively simple.
• Biological structures play a role in the organism's existence.
• The living state is characterized by the flow of energy through the organism.
• Living organisms are highly organized.
• Living organisms are actively engaged in energy transformation.

ANSWER: a

• Even though the building blocks have fairly simple structures, macromolecules are exquisitely organized in their

intricate three-dimensional architecture known as:

• configuration.
• conformation.
• sequence.
• Lewis structure.
• structural maturation.

ANSWER: b

3. All of the following activities require the presence of ATP or NADPH EXCEPT:

• osmoregulation.
• biosynthesis.
• movement of muscles.
• light emission.
• none, they are all energy-requiring activities.

ANSWER: e

• Which are the four most common elements in the human body?
• hydrogen, calcium, oxygen and sodium
• hydrogen, oxygen, iron and carbon
• hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen
• oxygen, carbon, iron and nitrogen
• oxygen, silicon, calcium and nitrogen

ANSWER: c

• What makes carbon such an abundant element in biomolecules?
• It can form up to five bonds by sharing its electrons.
• It forms only single bonds.
• It provides low bond energy.
• It forms stable covalent bonds by electron pair sharing.
• It does not usually bond to other carbons, allowing a more diverse combination of elements.

ANSWER: d

6. The major precursors for the formation of biomolecules include all EXCEPT:

• nitrate and dinitrogen.
• water.
• carbon dioxide. 2 / 4

Chapter 01 - The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena

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• ammonium ion.
• none, all are major precursors.

ANSWER: e

• From the major precursors, the complex biomolecules are made in which sequence?
• metabolites, building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular complexes
• macromolecules, building blocks, metabolites, supramolecular complexes
• building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular complexes, metabolites
• metabolites, macromolecules, building blocks, supramolecular complexes
• metabolites, building blocks, supramolecular complexes, macromolecules

ANSWER: a

• The structural integrity of supramolecular complexes (assemblies) of multiple components are bonded to each other by

all of the following forces EXCEPT:

• covalent bonds
• van der Waals forces
• hydrogen bonds
• hydrophobic interactions
• ionic interactions

ANSWER: a

• Organelles have what three attributes?
• Only in prokaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
• Only in eukaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
• Only in eukaryotic cells, seldom membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.
• Only in prokaryotic cells, membrane bound, multi-functional.
• In both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, membrane bound, have a dedicated set of tasks.

ANSWER: b

10. Membrane structures are maintained primarily by:

• hydrophobic interactions.
• covalent bonds.
• hydrogen bonds.
• non-spontaneous assembly.
• ionic interactions.

ANSWER: a

11. All of the following are properties of membranes EXCEPT:

• supramolecular assemblies.
• define boundaries of cellular components.
• spontaneous assemblies resulting from hydrophobic interactions.
• identical protein and lipid composition in the major organelles.
• none, all are true.

ANSWER: d

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Chapter 01 - The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena

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• Which of the following properly ranks the non-covalent interactions in order of increasing strength?
• ionic, hydrogen bond, van der Waals
• van der Waals, hydrogen bond, ionic
• van der Waals, ionic, hydrogen bond
• hydrogen bond, van der Waals, ionic
• cannot be determined since ionic interactions and hydrogen bonds often vary in strength

ANSWER: e

• Weak forces that create constantly forming and breaking interactions at physiological temperatures, but cumulatively

impart stability to biological structures generated by their collective activity include all EXCEPT:

• hydrogen bonds
• van der Waals forces
• covalent bonds
• ionic interactions
• hydrophobic interactions

ANSWER: c

• Which of the following is a true statement about non-covalent bonds?
• They are all the result of electron sharing.
• Hydrogen bonds, ionic bond and hydrophobic interactions all carry a degree of specificity while van der Waals

interactions are induced.

• All noncovalent bonds are formed between oppositely charged polar functions.
• Van der Waals interactions are not affected by structural complementarity, while hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds

and hydrophobic interaction are affected by structural complementarity.

• Hydrogen, van der Waals, and hydrophobic interactions do not form linear bonds.

ANSWER: b

• Electrostatic forces
• include ionic interactions between negatively charged carboxyl groups and positively charged amino groups.
• average about 2 kJ/mol in aqueous solutions.
• typically are directional like hydrogen bonds.
• require a precise fit like van der Waals interactions.
• include ionic, induced dipole and permanent dipole interactions.

ANSWER: a

16. All are true about hydrophobic interactions EXCEPT:

• Hydrophobic interactions result from the strong tendency of water to exclude nonpolar groups or molecules.
• Hydrophobic interactions result because water molecules prefer the stronger interactions that they share with

one another, compared to their interactions with nonpolar molecules.

• Hydrophobic interactions result from hydrogen bonds between water and the hydrophobic molecules.
• The preferential interactions between water molecules "exclude" hydrophobic substances from aqueous

solution and drive the tendency of nonpolar molecules to cluster together.

• Hydrophobic interactions result in nonpolar regions of biological molecules being buried in the molecule's

interior to exclude them from the aqueous milieu.

ANSWER: c

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