Test Bank for A History of Psychology in Ten

Test Bank for A History of Psychology in Ten Questions, 1e Michael Hyland (All Chapters)

CHAPTER 1 MCQs

• The logical process by which a general law is obtained from a collection of facts is

called

• deduction
• induction
• faction
• probability

• The logical process by which a fact is predicted from a general law is called

• deduction
• induction
• faction
• probability

• Which are never proved but only shown to be certain with a degree of probability?

• inductive inferences
• deductive inferences
• both of these
• none of these

• Empiricism is based on the logic of

• deduction
• abduction
• induction
• reduction.

• Falsification is based on the logic of

• deduction
• abduction
• induction
• reduction

• Karl Popper’s book Conjectures and Refutations provides an account of

• falsification
• empiricism
• psychologism
• theorism Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material

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• According to Popper, a scientific statement is one that is

• based on a collection of facts
• proved through observation
• asserted by scientists
• falsifiable through observation

• Which of the following makes the most powerful prediction?

• it will rain next week
• it will not rain next week
• it will rain on Tuesday and only on Tuesday next week
• it will either rain or not rain next week

• According to Popper, powerful theories are preferred because

• they are less likely to be wrong
• they make more precise and more easily falsified predictions
• they make less easily falsified predictions and are more often shown to be correct
• they are more easily proved to be true

• A science that uses statistics and null hypothesis testing typically makes

• qualitative predictions
• quantitative predictions
• neither qualitative nor quantitative predictions
• the strongest possible predictions

• The terms ‘research programme’ or ‘research paradigm’ refer to

• the empirical methods that are used to study something
• the way a theory is tested
• the metatheoretical assumptions that guide the development of theories and their

tests

• the collection of data and observations of a science, and the people who collect them

• A theory consists of

• observation terms
• theoretical terms
• both of these
• neither of these

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Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material13. The replication crisis (failure to replicate) is due to

• The possibility of Type 1 error but not Type 2 error
• The possibility of Type 2 error but not Type 1 error
• The possibility of both Type 1 and Type 2 error
• Neither Type 1 nor Type 2 error

• Scientific misconduct is defined as

• Data falsification, i.e., making up or changing data
• Plagiarism, i.e., copying without citation
• Data falsification or plagiarism
• Data falsification, or plagiarism, or error due to incompetence

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