Test Bank for Adaptive Learning and the Human

Test Bank for Adaptive Learning and the Human Condition, 1e Jeffrey Levy

Levy Multiple Choice Questions Chapter 1

____ 1. This perspective states that it is possible to understand conscious experience and the mind by identifying its basic elements.

• structuralism
• behaviorism
• nativism
• empiricism

____ 2. The method of ____ asks subjects to accurately describe their inner thoughts and emotions.

• attentive vigilance
• cognitive mapping
• introspection
• introversion

____ 3. The functionalists believed that psychology should be the study of

• the elements of conscious experience.
• mind-body dualism.
• observable behavior.
• adaptive processes.

____ 4. William James was a ____ while Wilhelm Wundt was a ____.

• behaviorist; functionalist
• functionalist; structuralist
• structuralist; functionalist
• functionalist; behaviorist

____ 5. This person strongly criticized psychology for emphasizing the study of conscious experience.

• Wundt
• Watson
• Kohler
• James

____ 7. One of the major difficulties with the structuralist approach to psychology was the fact that the method of ____ was unreliable.

• deduction
• induction
• retrospection
• introspection

____ 8. A scientific explanation always includes

• an independent variable
• a dependent variable
• an independent and dependent variable Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material

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Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material____ 9. A pseudo-explanation

• fails to specify an independent variable.
• is circular.
• may lead to self-fulfilling prophecies.
• all of the above

____ 10. Psychology looks to _____ for its explanations.

• nature (heredity)
• nurture (experience)
• nature and nurture
• none of the above

____ 11. Which of the following parts of the body appear to take up a disproportionately large part of the human motor cortex?

• the tongue
• the thumb
• the tongue and thumb
• none of the above

____ 12. According to the operational definition, learning is a ____ in behavior that results from some type of experience.

• change
• permanent change
• relatively permanent change
• conscious change

____ 13. Tolman and Honzik's (1930) maze study suggested that

• there is no distinction between learning and performance.
• there is a distinction between learning and performance.
• learning is the opposite of performance.
• both b and c

____ 14. Which of the following groups in the Tolman and Honzik's (1930) maze study clearly indicated that they had learned?

• the Regularly Rewarded and No Reward groups
• the Regularly Rewarded and No Reward until Day 11 groups
• the No Reward and No Reward until Day 11 groups
• all three groups

____ 15. Classical conditioning is to ____ as instrumental conditioning is to ____.

• adaptation; prediction
• adaptation; control
• prediction; control
• control; prediction

____ 16. “School of hard knocks” is to ____ as “book learning” is to ____.

• prediction ; control
• control; prediction
• direct; indirect
• indirect; direct

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Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Levy Multiple Choice Questions Chapter 2

____ 1. ____ validity refers to the ability to conclude cause and effect.

• Social
• Internal
• External
• Experimental

____ 2. ____ validity refers to the extent to which findings may be generalized beyond the research setting.

• Social
• Internal
• External
• Experimental

____ 3. The main advantage of experimental research over correlational research is the ability to

• discover salient variables.
• apply statistical procedures to the results.
• discover cause and effect relationships.
• study the influence of dependent variables.

____ 4. The ____ research approach is distinguished by the ____ of variables.

• experimental; manipulation
• experimental; systematic observation
• correlational; elimination
• correlational; manipulation

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Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material____ 5. A common control procedure in a group design is

• random assignment of subjects to groups.
• alternating assignment of subjects to groups.
• recording a 1 week baseline period.
• recording a 2 week baseline period.

____ 6. Control group designs are useful for studying

• the behavior of one individual.
• the average effect of a variable on a large number of individuals.
• changing patterns of behavior throughout an experiment.
• both a and c

____ 7. Which of the following designs requires the largest number of subjects?

• simple comparison design
• control group design
• reversal design
• multiple baseline design

____ 8. Advantages of single-subject designs include

• monitoring of the subject's behavior throughout the experiment.
• large numbers of subjects are not required to conduct an entire experiment.
• they do not require sophisticated statistical analysis.
• all of these

____ 9. The baseline of a behavior is the

• normal frequency of that behavior following an intervention.
• enhanced frequency of that behavior following an intervention.
• normal frequency of that behavior prior to an intervention.
• suppressed frequency of that behavior prior to an intervention.

____ 10. The best baselines are ____ or trend in the _____ direction to the predicted intervention effect.

• instable; same
• instable; opposite.
• stable; same
• stable; opposite.

____ 11. A _____ design includes initially obtaining a baseline, then introducing an intervention, and then returning to the baseline conditions.

• reversal
• multiple baseline
• group
• correlational

____ 12. A _____ design includes initially obtaining a baseline on different people, in different settings, or for different behaviors, and then sequentially introducing an intervention.

• reversal
• multiple baseline
• group
• correlational Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material

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