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Test Bank for Quantitative Literacy, (Digital Update), 3e Bruce Crauder, Benny Evans, Jerry Johnson, Alan Noell (All Chapters) Chapter 1
- In a recent hiring period, XYZ Corporation hired 23% of the males who applied and 11% of the females. A
lawsuit was contemplated because these numbers seemed to indicate that there was gender discrimination. On closer examination, it was found that XYZ was hiring for only two of its divisions: engineering and secretarial.
Applicants applying by gender per department are given in the following table:
Males applying Males hired Females applying Females hired Engineering 400 100 20 5 Secretarial 50 5 300 30 Total 450 105 320 35 For the engineering division, what percentage of male applicants were hired?
- 22%
- 25%
- 50%
- 30%
ANSWER: b
- In a recent hiring period, XYZ Corporation hired 23% of the males who applied and 11% of the females. A
lawsuit was contemplated because these numbers seemed to indicate that there was gender discrimination. On closer examination, it was found that XYZ was hiring for only two of its divisions: engineering and secretarial.
Applicants applying by gender per department are given in the following table:
Males applying Males hired Females applying Females hired Engineering 400 100 20 5 Secretarial 50 5 300 30 Total 450 105 320 35 For the engineering division, what percentage of female applicants were hired?
- 15%
- 13%
- 20%
- 25%
ANSWER: d
- In a recent hiring period, XYZ Corporation hired 23% of the males who applied and 11% of the females. A
lawsuit was contemplated because these numbers seemed to indicate that there was gender discrimination. On closer examination, it was found that XYZ was hiring for only two of its divisions: engineering and secretarial.
Applicants applying by gender per department are given in the following table:
Males applying Males hired Females applying Females hired Engineering 400 100 20 5 1 / 4
Secretarial 50 5 300 30 Total 450 105 320 35 What can be observed about the percentage of males hired compared to the percentage of females hired in the engineering division?
- A higher percentage of males were hired.
- A higher percentage of females were hired.
- The same percentage of males and females were hired.
- Not enough information to make an observation.
ANSWER: c
- In a recent hiring period, XYZ Corporation hired 23% of the males who applied and 11% of the females. A
lawsuit was contemplated because these numbers seemed to indicate that there was gender discrimination. On closer examination, it was found that XYZ was hiring for only two of its divisions: engineering and secretarial.
Applicants applying by gender per department are given in the following table:
Males applying Males hired Females applying Females hired Engineering 400 100 20 5 Secretarial 50 5 300 30 Total 450 105 320 35 For the secretarial division, what percentage of male applicants were hired?
- 22%
- 15%
- 10%
- 5%
ANSWER: c
- In a recent hiring period, XYZ Corporation hired 23% of the males who applied and 11% of the females. A
lawsuit was contemplated because these numbers seemed to indicate that there was gender discrimination. On closer examination, it was found that XYZ was hiring for only two of its divisions: engineering and secretarial.
Applicants applying by gender per department are given in the following table:
Males applying Males hired Females applying Females hired Engineering 400 100 20 5 Secretarial 50 5 300 30 Total 450 105 320 35 For the secretarial division, what percentage of female applicants were hired?
- 10%
- 13%
- 30%
- 20%
ANSWER: a
- In a recent hiring period, XYZ Corporation hired 23% of the males who applied and 11% of the females. A
lawsuit was contemplated because these numbers seemed to indicate that there was gender discrimination. On 2 / 4
closer examination, it was found that XYZ was hiring for only two of its divisions: engineering and secretarial.
Applicants applying by gender per department are given in the following table:
Males applying Males hired Females applying Females hired Engineering 400 100 20 5 Secretarial 50 5 300 30 Total 450 105 320 35 What was the overall percentage of male applicants hired?
- 10%
- 14%
- 23%
- 25%
ANSWER: c
- In a recent hiring period, XYZ Corporation hired 23% of the males who applied and 11% of the females. A
lawsuit was contemplated because these numbers seemed to indicate that there was gender discrimination. On closer examination, it was found that XYZ was hiring for only two of its divisions: engineering and secretarial.
Applicants applying by gender per department are given in the following table:
Males applying Males hired Females applying Females hired Engineering 400 100 20 5 Secretarial 50 5 300 30 Total 450 105 320 35 Which of the following is NOT correct?
- The overall percentage of female applicants hired is less than that of male applicants.
- We are observing Simpson’s paradox.
- We compare the company’s overall percentage hired with the percentage hired for each division.
- The absolute numbers involved in calculating the percentages caused a paradoxical situation.
ANSWER: c
- In a recent hiring period, XYZ Corporation hired 23% of the males who applied and 11% of the females. A
lawsuit was contemplated because these numbers seemed to indicate that there was gender discrimination. On closer examination, it was found that XYZ was hiring for only two of its divisions: engineering and secretarial.
Applicants applying by gender per department are given in the following table:
Males applying Males hired Females applying Females hired Engineering 400 100 20 5 Secretarial 50 5 300 30 Total 450 105 320 35 Suppose you are an attorney for a female plaintiff. How would you argue that there was gender discrimination?ANSWER: Answers will vary but should focus on the combined totals of 23% of men being hired compared to only 11% of women.
- In a recent hiring period, XYZ Corporation hired 23% of the males who applied and 11% of the females. A
lawsuit was contemplated because these numbers seemed to indicate that there was gender discrimination. On 3 / 4
closer examination, it was found that XYZ was hiring for only two of its divisions: engineering and secretarial.
Applicants applying by gender per department are given in the following table:
Males applying Males hired Females applying Females hired Engineering 400 100 20 5 Secretarial 50 5 300 30 Total 450 105 320 35 Suppose you are an attorney for XYZ Corporation. How would you argue that there was no gender discrimination?ANSWER: Answers will vary but should focus on the hiring rates for each division: 25% for engineering and 10% for secretarial, regardless of gender.
- _____ paradox occurs when combining, or aggregating, data masks underlying patterns.
- Taylor’s
- Samson’s
- Euler’s
- Simpson’s
ANSWER: d
- Logic is the study of methods and principles used to distinguish good from bad reasoning.
- True
- False
ANSWER: a
- Choose a valid conclusion based on the premises: If you study hard, you will earn a passing grade. You
- You studied hard.
- You will earn a passing grade.
- You studied hard and earned a passing grade.
- If you don’t study hard, you will not earn a passing grade.
have studied hard.
ANSWER: b
- A(n) _____ fallacy arises from the content of an argument, not its form or structure.
- formal
- informal
- deductive
- inductive
ANSWER: b
- An argument is _____ if its premises justify its conclusion.
- strong
- weak
- valid
- invalid
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