TEST BANK, PART I: FOUNDATIONS

Test Bank for Ogle and Beers

Engaging in the Language Arts:

Exploring the Power of Language Second Edition Deborah Shefren

NOTE: (Answer at the end of this File) 1 / 4

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TEST BANK, PART I: FOUNDATIONS

Chapter 1: Introducing the Language Arts

1.1 True/False 1) Teacher-centered classroom talk gives students ample opportunity to use oral language.

2) The ability to use language well is a contributing factor for success in life.

3) Over 6,000 languages are currently spoken in the world.

4) Children can use language to communicate thoughts and wishes from birth.

5) One of the factors contributing to the difficulty of learning new languages as adults is that languages don’t use the same phonemes.

6) The meaning-bearing units of the English language are called semantics.

7) Syntax is the study of the rules that govern a language.

8) A student’s knowledge of basic language structure assists students in effective language use.

9) Numerous studies indicate a student’s lack of knowledge of text structures does not impact writing skills.

10) Vygotsky states that a student’s ability to learn relies heavily upon relationships between individual levels of development and external support.

11) Comprehensible input refers to adding physical gestures and actions as we speak.

12) As a teacher, you must determine ways to maximize student engagement.

13) Determining a student’s zone of proximal development allows teachers to structure appropriate instructional activities.

1.2 Multiple Choice 1) Right from the first days of school, teachers can ________.

• have a silent classroom
• do most of the talking for the students
• establish a teacher-centered form of classroom talk
• structure the classroom so that students can actively engage using oral language

2) Significant speech sounds are called ________.

• phonetics
• semantics
• grammar
• phonemes

3) The ability to recognize and produce the sounds that are used in a language is ________.

• grammar
• phonological awareness
• the zone of proximal development
• semantics
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2  4) The meaning-bearing units of language are called ________.

• morphophology
• semantics
• syntax
• phonemes

5) Understanding how ideas are communicated is the study of ________.

• syntax
• comprehension
• morphology
• semantics

6) Current educational research cited in this chapter indicates the importance of preschool ________ in developing written language and reading skills.

• grammar and syntax
• standards
• literacy experiences
• orthography

7) ________ is the study of how words are spelled.

• Orthography
• Level of formality
• Semantics
• Phonological awareness

8) Which of the following statements is most TRUE?

• As a result of the technological revolution, we are reading more than ever.
• The technological revolution has replaced text with images, so reading is less important.
• With the advent of the Internet, books are becoming obsolete.
• The use of digital technologies has made reading secondary to listening and viewing.

9) Which of the following is not included in grammar?

• parts of speech
• types of sentences
• spelling
• punctuation

10) In an educational study cited in this chapter, a student’s ________ impacted language development but failed to impact overall academic achievement.

• zone of proximal development
• socioeconomic status
• bilingual achievements
• expressive language environment

11) ________ compares a student’s present level of performance to the potential level of performance.

• Zone of proximal development
• Developmental zone
• The study of pragmatics
• Linguistic exploration

12) Good instruction combines contextual and incidental teaching with ________.

• phonemic awareness
• intermediate organization
• explicit instruction
• levels of formality 3 / 4

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13) Which of the following is an example of a student demonstrating procedural knowledge?

• a student observing and listening to a lecture
• a student knowing how to create a thinking map
• a student knowing when to use a diagram in a essay
• a student describing aloud how to write a sentence

14) The ability to monitor one’s own engagement and evaluate learning is called ________.

• declarative knowledge
• comprehensible input
• learning awareness
• metacognition

15) The level of knowledge described as simple description of tasks and process is called ________.

• declarative knowledge
• procedural knowledge
• conditional knowledge
• supportive knowledge

16) The ability to choose appropriate strategies or processes occurs in the ________ knowledge level of metacognition.

• procedural
• conditional
• declarative
• instructional

1.3 Essay 1) Discuss why classroom language usage contributes to oral and written language development, and detail at least two reasons good teachers contribute to this.

2) Identify and describe the major elements of both oral and written language discussed in Chapter 1. Devise at least two activities you would use to facilitate or support children’s oral and written language development.

3) Summarize the cycle of language development.

4) Identify and discuss the two types of images children encounter and why it is essential they learn to read both types.

5) Explain how the technological revolution is impacting the way young people use language and communication skills.

6) Discuss the impact of socioeconomic status on a child’s oral language development.

7) Identify at least four factors of parenting impacting the oral language development of socioeconomically disadvantaged children and discuss the implications as they apply to teaching.

8) Describe your philosophy of teaching language arts. Support your view with details.

9) Explain what the authors mean when they talk about immersion in language-rich opportunities. Why is this important?

10) Explain the gradual release of responsibility model first developed by Pearson and Gallagher in 1983.

11) Explain how using teaching standards can help your teaching and what elements you would choose to apply.

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