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© 2021 Oxford University Press Test Bank to accompany Ecology, Fifth Edition Bowman • Hacker
Chapter 1: The Web of Life
TEST BANK QUESTIONS
Multiple Choice
- What is one reason that amphibians are especially good biological indicators of
- They live in both terrestrial and aquatic environments.
- It is difficult for pollutants to pass through their skin.
- They are declining in number.
- They can tolerate high levels of pollution.
environmental conditions?
Answer: a
Textbook Reference: Deformity and Decline in Amphibian Populations: A Case Study
Learning Objective: Not aligned
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
- The ecological study of the effect of Ribeiroia and pesticides on frog populations
- it describes how organisms affect the environment.
- it describes how the environment affects organisms.
- it studies how biotic and abiotic factors affect each other.
- humans are not part of its subject matter.
suggests that all of these statements about the study of ecology are true except that
Answer: d
Textbook Reference: 1.1 Events in the natural world are interconnected.
Learning Objective: 1.1.1 Explain how interactions between organisms and their
environment can affect other organisms and potentially lead to unexpected consequences.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Applying
- West Nile virus can be considered an example of an unintended consequence of
- originated in Africa.
- is transmitted by mosquitoes.
- emerged due to human impacts on the environment.
- is increasing rapidly due to a rise in trematode populations.
ecological interactions because it
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: 1.1 Events in the natural world are interconnected.
Learning Objective: 1.1.1 Explain how interactions between organisms and their
environment can affect other organisms and potentially lead to unexpected consequences.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Applying
(Download Link at the end of this File) 1 / 4
© 2021 Oxford University Press
- In 1878, seal hunters introduced rabbits to Macquarie Island, between Australia and
- sound, responsible ecological management.
- unintended ecological consequences.
- predictable but unavoidable consequences.
- a series of catastrophes resulting from random chance.
Antarctica. The rabbit population soared and the Myxoma virus was then introduced to kill off rabbits. It worked, but the islands’ cats, which had depended on the rabbits for food, began eating seabirds instead. To save the seabirds, scientists started a program to kill off the cats. Twenty-four years later, in 2009, the rabbit population had exploded again, and rabbits were ravaging native plant species and devastating the island’s ecosystem. This story appears to be an example of
Answer: d
Textbook Reference: 1.1 Events in the natural world are interconnected.
Learning Objective: 1.1.1 Explain how interactions between organisms and their
environment can affect other organisms and potentially lead to unexpected consequences.
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyzing
- What evidence led Ruth and Sessions to conclude that parasites could be the cause of
- None of the deformed frogs found in the ponds were infected with the parasites.
- They directly observed the parasites causing the deformities.
- Glass beads placed near the location of limb development in tadpoles mimicked the
- Deformities in the frogs occurred in nature but not in the laboratory.
some of the deformities in the frogs found in the ponds of Northern California?
effect of parasites and caused deformities.
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: 1.1 Events in the natural world are interconnected.
Learning Objective: Not aligned
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
- In addition to the frogs themselves, which organisms act as hosts for the flatworm that
- Birds and snails
- Snails and turtles
- Turtles and birds
- Snails and clams
has been linked to deformities in frogs?
Answer: a
Textbook Reference: 1.1 Events in the natural world are interconnected.
Learning Objective: Not aligned
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remembering
- Refer to the figure.
- / 4
© 2021 Oxford University Press
The figure is based on Johnson’s experiment on the effects of trematode parasites on tadpoles. Which statement best describes the control group in the experiment?
- Tadpoles were grown in the absence of trematode parasites.
- Tadpoles were allowed to grow in nets in their natural environment.
- Tadpoles were grown in the presence of only one trematode parasite.
- Tadpoles were grown in a tank in which the concentration of trematode parasites was
similar to the parasite concentration of ponds in which deformed frogs were found.
Answer: a
Textbook Reference: 1.1 Events in the natural world are interconnected.
Learning Objective: Not aligned
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
- Refer to the figure.
The figure is based on Johnson’s experiment on the effects of trematode parasites on tadpoles. Which claim is supported by the figure? 3 / 4
© 2021 Oxford University Press
- As the number of parasites that the tadpoles were exposed to decreased, the percentage
- As the number of parasites that the tadpoles were exposed to increased, the percentage
- If there were no parasites present, 100% of the tadpoles survived to metamorphosis.
- Tadpoles with moderate levels of parasites had the lowest percent of deformities in
of surviving frogs with deformities increased.
of surviving tadpoles decreased.
adults.
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: 1.1 Events in the natural world are interconnected.
Learning Objective: Not aligned
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyzing
- Refer to the figure.
The figure is based on Johnson’s experiment on the effects of trematode parasites on tadpoles. Suppose that 60 tadpoles are exposed to 32 parasites per tadpole. Based on the results of the figure, about how many tadpoles would you expect to survive to metamorphosis?
- 12
- 25
- 40
- 58
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: 1.1 Events in the natural world are interconnected.
Learning Objective: Not aligned
Bloom’s Level: 3. Applying
- Refer to the figure.
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