This chapter contains fundamentals of the study of politics and government, including the

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© McGraw Hill LLC. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw Hill LLC.American Democracy Now

Chapter 1 : People, Politics, and Participation

Chapter Summary:

This chapter contains fundamentals of the study of politics and government, including the

following:

•The value of studying American politics •What government does •The types of government •The origins of American democracy—natural law, a social contract, and representative democracy •Political culture and American values •The study of ideologies •The changing demographic nature of American democracy

Chapter Learning Objectives:

Having studied this chapter, students should be able to do each of the following: •Define politics.•Describe the functions of government.•Explain the types of government.•Explain the origins of American democracy.•Identify and describe the key components of American political culture.•Understand the concept of political ideology.•Explain how the demographic characteristics of the U.S. population are changing.

Chapter Outline:

• Why Should You Study American Democracy Now?

A.How Technology Has Changed Politics B.The Political Context Now C.Americans’ Efficacy

D.Civic Engagement: Acting on Your Views

II.What Government Does III.Types of Government American Democracy Now, 8e Brigid Harrison, Jean Harris, Michelle Deardorff (Instructor Manual All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade) (Lecture Notes Only) 1 / 4

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© McGraw Hill LLC. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw Hill LLC.IV. The Origins of American Democracy

A. Democracy’s Origins in Popular Protest: The Influence of the Reformation

and the Enlightenment

• The Modern Political Philosophy of Hobbes and Locke
• The Creation of the United States as an Experiment in Representative

Democracy

• Political Culture and American Values
• Liberty
• Equality
• Consent of the Governed
• Capitalism
• Individual, Family, and Community

VI. Ideology: A Prism for Viewing American Democracy

• Liberalism
• Conservatism

C. Other Ideologies on a Traditional Spectrum: Progressivism, Socialism, and

Libertarianism

• Multidimensional Political Models

VII. The 2020 Census: The Changing Face of American Democracy

• A Population That Is Growing—and on the Move
• American Generations

C. A Changing Complexion: Race and Ethnicity in the United States Today

D. Changing Households: American Families Today

• Why the Changing Population Matters for Politics and Government

Complementary Lecture Topics:

Below are suggestions for lectures or lecture topics that will complement the text. In general, these topics assume that students have read the chapter beforehand.• To what extent have natural factors allowed the core ideals of individualism, equality, and others to develop and flourish? If the United States had been located on the European continent, or lacked vast natural resources, would it have affected the development of American ideals? With the advent of global trading networks and communication systems, and growing economic problems, can we expect a significant change in traditional American ideals in the future?• Americans are bound together by a social contract. If this general political consensus were lost, what would be the likely consequence?• Politics is the process through which a society settles its conflicts. Those who prevail are said to have power. Are those with power restricted by political ideals, or does power endow them with unfettered authority to pursue private ends? Are there historical examples that support one view or the other? 2 / 4

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© McGraw Hill LLC. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw Hill LLC.

Class Discussion Topics:

• The relationship between technology and political participation is a great topic with which to generate discussion with today’s students, many of whom are tremendously technologically savvy. Ask them to analyze their own mobile devices and consider how they might be effective political tools as communications devices or perhaps as participatory devices. Encourage students to compare different technologies and identify strengths and weaknesses of each.• Encourage students to understand how the role of government has changed over time and then discuss the role of government in the past, present, and future. Ask them what roles they believe the government should play in the 21st-century United States and get them to justify or support their positions.• Using the data and content from the text, encourage students to discuss the impact of changing demographics across the United States and the possible political effects as the 21st century continues. Encourage them to consider the connections among population growth, service demands, and the role of government in civil society.

Chapter Activities:

Activities Introduction:

Dear Instructor/Professor, The following activities in this manual have been tailored specifically for American Democracy Now. As you use these engaging and educational activities, we hope you and your students will enjoy the gift of lifelong learning. Also, remember that these are flexible activities that you can tailor to your needs.Sincerely, The author & collaborators

• THEN, NOW, NEXT Discussion Activity

Participants: entire class in small-group or large-group discussion

Time: 10–15 min

Directions Utilize the “Then, Now, Next” concepts and questions from the beginning of the chapter as a basis for class discussion.• Then—An unprecedented level of political polarization, accompanied by groups who question the legitimacy of American elections, presented historic challenges in American society, and to government officials.• Now—Polarization and anger characterize the segments of the American electorate, and mistrust is rampant. But new technologies and increasing activism among Gen Z 3 / 4

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© McGraw Hill LLC. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw Hill LLC.voters give some cause for optimism as the nation faces today’s challenges, including recovery from a global pandemic, as well as continued inequality, and the threat of terrorism and violence.• Next— ▪ Will politicians continue to foment mistrust of elections and government institutions?▪ Will our nation’s increasing diversity continue to tear our nation apart or eventually create compassion, respect, and unity?▪ Will the present generation break the cycle of cynicism and, increasingly, anger that has pervaded the politics of the recent past?II. One-Minute Paper Individual Activity

Participants: entire class individually

Time: 1–2 min

What to Expect This easy activity allows the entire class to participate. It entails the individual completion of a 1- to 2-min written essay. Suggested writing topics are chapter-specific for American Democracy Now.What Students Will Learn In this activity, you are engaging students in effective critical thinking via writing. For optimal results, brief students in the subject matter first. Then, administer the exercise.Collect and read the papers. Finally, during the next class, give feedback to students on their papers. Specific quotes and praise can help students retain a lifelong learning experience about the subject of study.

Topic: Chapter 1—People, Politics, and Participation

To students: Please write a 1-min reply to the following:

Topic 1: Civic Engagement/Political Apathy

Define civic engagement. Name and explain two or three common examples of civic engagement.III. Peer Quiz Activity

Participants: two-person teams

Time: 20–30 min

What to Expect This easy activity allows the students to participate in groups as they review and test themselves on the content of the chapter. They will also provide each other with constructive and positive feedback for enhanced exam performance.

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