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NCLEX Practice Question Answers for Unit 3 Exam Modules 8-11

Module 11: Hypertension

1.The nurse is teaching the client with hypertension about maintaining an exercise program. Which teaching strategy will be most helpful?a.Give the client a written exercise program to follow.b.Explain the exercise program to the client's spouse.c.Offer reassurance that that the client can follow the exercise program.d.Tailor a program to the meet client's needs and abilities.

Rationale:

Tailoring or individualizing a program to the client’s lifestyle has been shown to be an effective strategy for changing health behaviors. Providing a written program, explaining the program to the client’s spouse, and reassuring the client that he or she can do the program may be helpful but are not as likely to promote adherence as individualizing the program.

2.A client is on several medications to control hypertension. As the nurse reviews the mechanism of action for each medication, what statement does the nurse use to describe how furosemide treats hypertension?a."It dilates peripheral blood vessels." b."It decreases sympathetic cardioacceleration." c."It inhibits the angiotensin-converting enzyme." d."It inhibits reabsorption of sodium and water in the loop of Henle."

Rationale:

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and water reabsorption in the loop of Henle, thereby causing a decrease in blood pressure. Vasodilators cause dilation of peripheral blood vessels, directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle and decreasing blood pressure. Adrenergic blockers decrease sympathetic cardioacceleration and decrease blood pressure. Angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitors decrease blood pressure due to their action on angiotensin.

3.Upon hearing a blood pressure reading of 146/96 mm Hg, a 58-year-old client asks whether medication will be necessary. Which would be the best response by the nurse?a.“It’s fortunate that you came into the clinic today and this was caught this during your routine examination.” b.“We will need to reevaluate the blood pressure because your age places you at a high risk for hypertension.” c.“You will need to have your blood pressure reassessed before a diagnosis can be made.” d.“You have no need to worry. Your blood pressure is probably elevated because you are in the physician’s office.” This study source was downloaded by 100000798332303 from CourseHero.com on 11-01-2023 01:03:10 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/64966899/NCLEX-Practice-Question-Answers-for-Unit-3-Exam-Module-11docx/

Rationale:

Hypertension is confirmed by at least two measurements greater than 129/80 mm Hg and taken on two separate occasions. The nurse should provide factual information to the client, not provide false hope.

4.A female client who is 32 years of age has been diagnosed with stage 1 hypertension.The client’s height is 5 feet 5 inches (165 cm), and her weight is recorded as 125 pounds (56.6 kg); she reports that she frequently eats at “fast food” restaurants and enjoys a glass of wine to relax on weekends. In developing a teaching plan for this client, the nurse should address which topic?a.potential use of nitroprusside b.adverse effects of alcohol c.decreasing dietary caloric intake d.low-sodium food choices

Rationale:

Lifestyle modification to lower blood pressure includes weight reduction in clients who are overweight, reducing the intake of dietary sodium, and an increase in physical activity. Client teaching involves instruction on low sodium diet and foods because of the propensity for high- sodium foods at fast food restaurants. The client is of a normal weight, and alcohol intake is in moderation. Nitroprusside is a treatment for hypertensive crisis. This study source was downloaded by 100000798332303 from CourseHero.com on 11-01-2023 01:03:10 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/64966899/NCLEX-Practice-Question-Answers-for-Unit-3-Exam-Module-11docx/