Thoracic TCAR Latest Update -

Thoracic – TCAR Latest Update - Exam from Credible Sources with 260 Questions and Verified Correct Answers Golden Ticket to Guaranteed A+ Verified by Professor

3 stages of empyema - CORRECT ANSWER: Exudative

Fibrinopurulent Organizing

5 Criteria of a solitary pulmonary nodule - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. single

• <3 cm
• surrounded by normal lung
• no adenopathy
• no pleural effusion

5-YS after resection of solitary brain met for lung cancer - CORRECT ANSWER: 20%

Accessory muscles of respiration - CORRECT ANSWER: SCM

Levators Serratus posterior Scalenes

Adson's test for thoracic outlet syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER: Decreased radial

pulse with head turned toward ipsilateral side (subclavian artery compression - arterial TOS)

Alveolar, arterial, and venous pressures in lung zones in upright person - CORRECT ANSWER: Zone I: PA > Pa > Pv

Zone II: Pa > PA > Pv 1 / 4

Zone III: Pa > Pv > PA

Anterior mediastinal tumors - CORRECT ANSWER: T's

Thyroid Parathyroid T-cell lymphoma Thymoma Teratoma Cystic hygroma

Anterior structures when looking into middle mediastinum with mediastinoscopy -

CORRECT ANSWER: Innominate vein

Innominate artery right PA

Best diagnostic test for a tracheo-esophageal fistula - CORRECT ANSWER: Bronch - pull tracheostomy or ETT back usually see a big hole 1-2 cm below the tracheal stoma

Best diagnostic test for lung abscess - CORRECT ANSWER: CT chest - air fluid levels

Best surgical approach for arterial TOS - CORRECT ANSWER: Supraclavicular

Best surgical approach for neurogenic and venous TOS - CORRECT ANSWER:

Transaxillary

Blood supply lower 2/3 of trachea - CORRECT ANSWER: bronchial arteries

Blood supply lung parenchyma - CORRECT ANSWER: bronchial arteries

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Blood supply upper 2/3 of trachea - CORRECT ANSWER: inferior thyroid arteries

Borders of scalene triangle - CORRECT ANSWER: SCM anterior

Trapezius posterior Subclavian vein inferior IJ medial Omohyoid superior

Causes of massive hemoptysis - CORRECT ANSWER: TB (MCC overall causes

bronchial and pulmonary artery aneurysms) Bronchiectasis (MC from cystic fibrosis, dilated bronchial arteries) Lung abscess (bronchial arteries)

Chemotherapy for germ cell tumors of the mediastinum - CORRECT ANSWER:

Cisplatin Bleomycin Etoposide

Claggett procedure - CORRECT ANSWER: for bronchopleural fistula after

pneumonectomy - fill post pneumonectomy space with permanent abx solution and bronchus coverage with intercostal muscle flap

Criteria for high risk with solitary pulmonary nodule (4) - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. age >60

• size >2.2 cm
• speculated
• current smoker

Criteria for intermediate risk with solitary pulmonary nodule (4) - CORRECT ANSWER:

• age 45-60 3 / 4

• size 1.5-2.2 cm
• scalloped
• current smoker or quit <7 years ago

Criteria for low risk with solitary pulmonary nodule (6) - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. age <45

• never smoked or quit >7 years ago
• smooth lesion
• size <1.5 cm
• popcorn calcification (hamartoma) or laminated calcification (granuloma)
• no change in CXR in 2 years

Diagnosis and evaluation for operability for lung cancer - CORRECT ANSWER: CXR

CT C/A/P

Chest MRI - best for spinal cord invasion and superior sulcus tumors Head MRI only if sx (headache) bone scan for bone pain or elevated alk phos only Bronchoscopy Labs (LFTs) PET scan EKG (stress test if necessary) PFTs, ABG, DLCO

Diagnosis of arterial TOS - CORRECT ANSWER: angio

Diagnosis of venous TOS - CORRECT ANSWER: duplex U/S

Gold standard is venogram but it takes too long

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