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© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password- protected website for classroom use. Page 1-1
CHAPTER 1
The Role of Economics in Environmental Management
TRUE-FALSE
- In the Circular Flow Model, money flows are disregarded.
Answer: F
- Within the Circular Flow Model, households are assumed to be the owners of all factors
of production, including the natural resources.
Answer: T
- Residuals are by-products, or pollution, left in the environment after a technological or
natural process as occurred.
Answer: T
- The discipline concerned with the resource flow from economic activity back to nature is
known as natural resource economics.
Answer: F
- According to the first law of thermodynamics, matter and energy can be destroyed but
not created.
Answer: F
- Nature’s capacity to convert matter and energy is limitless.
Answer: F
- According to BMW Group, plastics are among the simplest materials to recycle.
Answer: F
- Natural pollutants are those linked to human activity.
Answer: F
- Chemical wastes associated with the manufacturer of solvents are anthropogenic
pollutants.
Answer: T
- An airplane is a point source of pollution.
Answer: T 2 / 4
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password- protected website for classroom use. Page 1-2
- Runoff from urban streets is an example of nonpoint source pollution.
Answer: T
- Since acidic deposition arises around the world, it is considered to be global pollution.
Answer: F
- The warmer temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico may have increased the magnitude and
extent of the damages linked to the Gulf oil spill in 2010.
Answer: F
- When scientists first identified the ‘ozone hole’ over the Antarctic region in the 1980s, it
was less than 10 miles in diameter.
Answer: F
- Concern for managing natural resources to ensure their quality and abundance for future
generations is called sustainable development.
Answer: T
- Proponents of an environmentally adjusted measure of national income believe that
environmental pollution linked to production should be recorded as a loss in the system of national accounts (SNA).
Answer: T
- Improvements made to China’s environment in preparation for the Olympic Games in
2008 have been maintained and even enhanced over time.
Answer: F
- The economic criteria concerned with minimizing resource use to achieve an objective is
known as allocative efficiency.
Answer: F
- Setting an air quality standard is an example of a command and control approach to
improving the environment.
Answer: T
- A tax imposed on emissions is an example of the market approach to pollution control.
Answer: T 3 / 4
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password- protected website for classroom use. Page 1-3
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- The materials balance model
- captures only environmental pollution
- explicitly illustrates both the flow of resources and the flow of residuals
- illustrates both the money and real flows
- all of the above
- (b) and (c) only
Answer: e.
- According to the materials balance model
- recycling permanently eliminates residuals
- only production can damage the environment
- residuals arise from both consumption and production
- only households undertake recycling and reuse
Answer: c.
- Environmental economics
- is concerned mainly with the residual flow from economic activity back to nature
- focuses on the flow of resources from nature to economic activity
- recognizes that the flow of residuals back to nature is preventable
- none of the above
Answer: a.
- Recycling efforts such as those exemplified by BMW's Design for Disassembly (DFD)
- permanently diminish the flow of residuals back to nature
- are not represented in the materials balance model
- represent short-term conversion of residuals into recycled materials or goods
- reduce the amount of wastes returned to nature in the long-run
program
Answer: c.
- According to the second law of thermodynamics
- matter and energy can be neither created nor destroyed
- nature’s capacity to convert matter and energy is limited
- nothing is lost in the conversion of materials from economic activity into other forms of
- all of the above
- none of the above
matter and energy
Answer: b.
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