UA BSC 108 Exam 2 Latest Update -

UA BSC 108 Exam 2 Latest Update - Actual Exam 125 Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+

• How does asexual reproduction differ from sexual reproduction? - CORRECT

ANSWER: Asexual Reproduction involves one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. Sexual Reproduction involves two parents and produces offspring that are genetically unique.

• What are alleles? - CORRECT ANSWER: one of two alternate forms of gene that can

have the same locus on homologous chromosomes and are responsible for alternative traits

• What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? - CORRECT

ANSWER: Aerobic respiration can only occur in the presence of oxygen, during aerobic respiration the reactants oxygen and glucose are turned into products carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. Anaerobic respiration occurs when oxygen is not present, occurs in two steps. Glycolysis produces ATP from the reactant glucose then fermentation created the lactic acid, or ethanol, depending on the type of fermentation.

• Can a woman and a man both with Type A blood have a baby with Type O blood?

Explain your answer. - CORRECT ANSWER: A person with the blood type A can have

one of two genotypes: AA, or AO. If the person has genotype AA it would be impossible for them to have a child with blood type O. If the person has genotype AO there would be a 50% chance of passing on the O allele. The father would also have to pass on an O allele for the child to have blood type O

• The third stage of cellular respiration is electron transport. Where in the cell does

electron transport take place? - CORRECT ANSWER: inner membrane

• What is meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER: a type of cell division that results in four

daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cells

11. How does meiosis I differ from meiosis II? - CORRECT ANSWER: In meiosis II

chromosomes are further separated into sister chromatids. Meiosis I include crossing over or recombination of genetic material between chromosome pairs, while meiosis II does not

• List the inputs and outputs of electron transport. - CORRECT ANSWER: "Input- 10

NADH + H+, 2 FADH2

Output- 10 NAD+, 2FAD, H2O, 34 ATP"

11. What is pleiotropy? - CORRECT ANSWER: when one gene influences two or more

seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. 1 / 2

12. Is oxygen required for electron transport? - CORRECT ANSWER: yes

12. List three ways in which meiosis differs from mitosis. - CORRECT ANSWER:

Mitosis consists of one stage whereas meiosis consists of two stages. Mitosis produces diploid cells (46 chromosomes) whereas meiosis produces haploid cells (23 chromosomes). Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells whereas meiosis produces four genetically different daughter cells.

• List three origins of genetic variation. - CORRECT ANSWER: "a. Independent

assortment of chromosomes

• Crossing Over
• Random Fertilization"

• Which stage of cellular respiration generates the most ATP? - CORRECT

ANSWER: Electron Transport Chain

14. Describe fermentation in human muscle cells. - CORRECT ANSWER: Under

strenuous conditions, muscles spend ATP faster than the bloodstream can deliver O2, when this happen the muscles begin to work anaerobically. After around 15 second muscle cells begin to generate ATP by the fermentation process

• How does crossing over contribute to genetic diversity? - CORRECT ANSWER: by

combining DNA from two parents into a single chromosome

• What is nondisjunction? - CORRECT ANSWER: An error in cell division that causes

homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to move to the same side of the dividing cell

2. Define homozygous and heterozygous. - CORRECT ANSWER: "1) Homozygous-

having identical alleles at corresponding chromosomal loci 2) Heterozygous- having two different alleles for a trait"

2. How do autotrophs differ from heterotrophs? - CORRECT ANSWER: autotrophs

make their own energy, heterotrophs must consume other organisms to get their energy

2. What are the two main phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER:

"a. Interphase

• Mitotic phase"

3. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA duplicate? - CORRECT ANSWER:

interphase- chromosome duplication

3. State the law of segregation. - CORRECT ANSWER: members of a pair of

homologous chromosomes separate during the formation of gametes and are

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