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UCF PCB3233 EXAM 2 IMMUNOLOGY WEIGEL NEWEST ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED/GRADED+
What do the constant domains do for the Ig's? - -----Answers- ---Constant region of light chain composed of single CL domain, constant region of heavy chain is composed of 3 or 4 C domains (isotype dependant)
What does CDR stand for and why are these important? - ----- Answers----Hypervariable loops are also called complementary determining regions (CDRs) The pairing of heavy and light chains create a surface that forms the antigen binding site, this determines specificity and diversity
What does HV stand for? - -----Answers----V domains of light and heavy chains have hyper variability regions flanked by framework regions
Which gene segments provide diversity to CDR1 and 2? - ----- Answers----The first and second hypervariable region of the light chain (CDR1, 2) are encoded by different V segments
Where does the diversity for CDR 3 come from (which gene segment)? - -----Answers----CDR3 is determined by different D segments and the V/D and D/J junctions
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RAG1 and RAG2 - which two cell types are these active in and what do they do? - -----Answers----Only made in B and T lymphocytes, this complex binds and cuts the sequence, first step in somatic recombination
RSS - what are these and what two cell types would these be useful? - -----Answers----Recombination signal sequences (RSS) they flank each germline V, D an J gene segment, one located 3' to each V gene segment and one 5' to each J segment and on both sides of the D gene segment, these RSS signal for the recombination that rearranges the gene, B and T cells
What is the 12/23 or 1turn-2turn rule - -----Answers---- Ensures that gene segments are joined in the correct order, 12 bp spacer brought together with 23 bp, or 23 with 12
What is somatic hypermutation? - -----Answers----Once a B cell is activated (in secondary lymphoid tissue) by an antigen or T cell, further diversification of the V domain coding region occurs, introduces point mutation throughtout the rearranged V regions
Where does somatic hypermutation occur? - -----Answers--- -V regions of activated B cells
What is switch regions? - -----Answers----Antibodies with other effector mechanisms are produced by isotype switching.Involves a further DNA recombination event that places the
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