UCLA ANTHRO 1 FINAL NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM 60

UCLA ANTHRO 1 FINAL NEWEST ACTUAL / EXAM 60

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Principal factors in cultural evolution: - ---Answers----

effects of cultural info on individual fitness -effects of cultural info on group fitness (cultural group selection) -'fit' between cultural info and individual psychology ('attractor')

Cultural group selection - ---Answers----larger, healthier, and better organized groups will outcompete their rivals

-how: displace or kill members of rival groups, conquer and

assimilate members of rival groups, attract immigrants from rival groups

Social Learning in Primates (in wild): - ---Answers----

stimulus enhancement (social facilitation): common

-emulation: lots of trial and error learning in chimps with nut-

cracking, termite fishing

-imitation (observational learning): probably underlies some

capuchin social traditions

-teaching: ??

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Social Learning in Primates (in the lab): - ---Answers----Box

experiment with chimps -opaque condition --> more imitation -transparent condition --> more emulation

Humans tendency with social learning - ---Answers---over imitators

Psychological adaptations for culture acquisition: - ---

Answers---- the mind consists of specialized mechanisms, addresses a problem our ancestors faced -humans possess a suite of mechanisms for acquisition, use, and transmission on cultural info

Why is overimitation not necessarily damaging to human behavior? - ---Answers----overimitation is sensitive to cues of teaching -allows people to learn what is actually important to do

Adaptations for culture acquisition

PROBLEM: the functional components of cultural practices are

often opaque to learners, or even wholly unknown by anyone -

---Answers---Solution:

-learners must therefore be credulous if they are to take advantage of the adaptive information that culture provides

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