WCU PHYS 261 FINAL EXAM

WCU PHYS 261 FINAL EXAM

VERSIONS A&B QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED

ANSWERS A+GRADE

what is being secreted from the adrenal cortex when angiotensin II arrives? - ANSWER✔✔aldosterone is aldosterone a hormone? and where is traveling to right after secretion? - ANSWER✔✔yes, and into the kidneys collecting ducts and causes salt retention.what is the function of aldosterone? - ANSWER✔✔sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion what is the golden rule? - ANSWER✔✔wherever sodium goes, potassium follows.after aldosterone arrives at the kidneys collecting ducts what happens? - ANSWER✔✔sodium to reabsorb and potassium secreted and the rise of blood pressure what happens when there is low T3 and T4? - ANSWER✔✔it will cause the hypothalamus to release TRH what does TRH stimulate and secrete? - ANSWER✔✔the anterior pituitary gland and the secretion of TSH will occur where does TSH travel? - ANSWER✔✔TSH will travel to the thyroid gland 1 / 4

what is released from the thyroid gland once TSH arrives? - ANSWER✔✔T3 & T4 Since the majority of T4 is not used in the peripheral tissue what happens to it? - ANSWER✔✔it is converted into T3 where does T4 & T3 travel to? - ANSWER✔✔peripheral tissues what enzyme converts T4 into T3? - ANSWER✔✔iodinase what happens when T4 & T3 levels start to rise? - ANSWER✔✔it is going to travel to the hypothalamus to prevent TRH to be released.what else happens when T3 & T4 levels begin to rise? - ANSWER✔✔It is also going to inhibit the release of TSH.What is the first step of thyroid hormone production? - ANSWER✔✔thyroglobulin is produced where is thyroglobulin produced? - ANSWER✔✔in the rough ER and the Golgi apparatus where is thyroglobulin secreted into? - ANSWER✔✔colloid of thyroid follicles what is the second step of thyroid production? - ANSWER✔✔a secondary active transport pump such as sodium and iodine travels into the follicle cell step three: once iodine is in the cell what is it converted into? - ANSWER✔✔iodide why is iodine converted into iodide in the second step? - ANSWER✔✔because iodide is its active form. 2 / 4

where does iodide travel to? - ANSWER✔✔The colloid of the thyroid follicle what happens in the colloid when iodide and tyrosines have both arrive? - ANSWER✔✔they form DIT and MIT What is MIT? - ANSWER✔✔monoiodotyrosine

- ONE PROTEIN WITH ONE IODIDE MOLECULES

WHAT IS DIT? - ANSWER✔✔diiodotyrosine

- ONE PROTEIN WITH TWO IODIDE MOLECULES

what happens when MIT and DIT have been formed? - ANSWER✔✔they BIND together to produce T3 & T4 where does T3 and T4 travel to once formed? - ANSWER✔✔back into the follicular cells with the colloid attached. (ENDOCYTOSIS) because there is still a bit of colloid attached to the T3 & T4 which is fused to the colloid? - ANSWER✔✔a lysosome what happens after the fusion of a lysosme? - ANSWER✔✔the release of T3 & T4 enzymes Where is T3 and T4 stored after their is no more colloid? - ANSWER✔✔in the thyroid gland ready to be secreted 3 / 4

What signal is given to the thyroid gland to be able to release T3 & T4? - ANSWER✔✔The anterior pituitary gland releases TSH which is used as a signal.what happens when TSH is released into the Thyroid gland? - ANSWER✔✔exocytosis of T3 & T4 into the bloodstream.what is the endocrine part of the pancreas called? - ANSWER✔✔Islets of Langerhans how many cells does the endocrine part of the pancreas have? - ANSWER✔✔3 cells what is one cell of the endocrine part of the pancrease? - ANSWER✔✔alpha what does alpha secrtes? - ANSWER✔✔glucagon what is the function of glucagon? - ANSWER✔✔increase blood glucose what is another cell of the endocrine part of the pancrease? - ANSWER✔✔beta cells what does beta cells secrete? - ANSWER✔✔insulin what is the function if insulin? - ANSWER✔✔decreases blood glucose what is the third cells that is found in the endocrine part of the pancrease? - ANSWER✔✔delta what does delta secret? - ANSWER✔✔somatostatin what happens when glucose levels increase? - ANSWER✔✔it stimulates the pancreas

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