West Coast EMT Final Study Guide Actual

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West Coast EMT Final Study Guide Actual Questions & Answers 1.What makes up the axial skeleton?Answer skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage 2.what is the epiglottis?Answer a flap that flips down to cover the entry to the trachea during swallowing 3.what is croup?Answer acute VIRAL inflammatory disease of larynx, primarily w/in the subglottic space -6 months to 6 years 4.what is a pulmonary embolism?Answer A condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot.

5.what is an aneurysm?Answer an excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall.

6.what is a thrombus?Answer stationary blood clot 7.what is an embolism?Answer A piece of a blood clot that enters the bloodstream 8.What is subcutaneous emphysema? 1 / 4

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Answer a characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by the presence of air in the soft tissue -may feel like rice crispy treats 9.what is hemoptysis?Answer Coughing up blood; blood in sputum generally from the lungs.

10.what is hematuria?Answer presence of blood in the urine 11.What is hematemesis?Answer vomiting blood 12.What is capnography?Answer A noninvasive technique to alert you to hypoventilation even when your patient's pulse ox reading are fine. Carbon dioxide is the most significant factor in monitoring ventilation. Capnography measures the CO2 in every breath to monitor air exchange in the patient's alveoli.

13.Trendelenburg position Answer A position in which the patient's feet and legs are higher than the head 14.What is CPAP? Why is it used?Answer continuous positive airway pressure; used to deliver pressure to the airways to keep the airway open while the individual sleeps 15.small-volume nebulizer Answer a device that uses compressed air or oxygen to neb- ulize a liquid medication into a mist that a patient can inhale 16.How to care for a patient who has been sexually assaulted Answer Have female be treated by female EMT 2 / 4

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-First component is medical treatment.-Second is psychologic care of the patient - don't cross-examine patient or attempt to obtain info -Don't tamper any evidence. Put evidence in paper bags, not plastic.

17.types of consent expressed Answer Patient verbally or otherwise acknowledges that he/she wants you to provide care or transport. May be nonverbal.informed consent - you explained the nature of treatment being offered, along with potential risks, benefits, and alternatives to treatment, as well as consequences of refusing treatment.

18.types of consent implied Answer Legal principle that allows treatment under circum- stances, such as intoxication, mentally impaired, or suffering from certain conditions such as head injury.-applies only when a serious medical condition exists and should never be used unless there is a threat to life or limb 19.types of consent involuntary Answer Applies when a person is mentally ill, develop- mentally delayed, or who is in a behavioral (psychological) crisis. Someone makes the decision on their behalf (legally responsible).

20.types of consent minors Answer - When a parent cannot be reached to provide consent, 3 / 4

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health care providers are allowed to give emergency care to a child.-If a minor is injured and requires medical treatment in a school or camp setting, teachers and officials may act in loco parentis, meaning in position of parent.

21.emancipated minors Answer People who, despite being under the legal age in a given state, can be legally treated as adults based on certain circumstances, such as being married, members of armed services, or if they are parents.

22.Bradycardia Answer A slow heart rate.-less than 60 beats/min for adults and children (older than 10) -less than 60 beats/min for preschoolers and school-aged children (2 years to 10 years) -less than 100 for infants and toddlers (3 months to 2 years) -less than 85 for infants (up to 3 months) 23.tachycardia Answer fast heart rate -greater than 100 bpm for adults and children (older than 10) -greater than 140 bpm for preschoolers and school-aged children (2 years to 10 years) -greater than 190 bpm for infants and toddlers (3 months to 2 years) -greater than 205 bpm for infants (up to 3 months) 24.Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

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