WGU C190 Introduction to Biology

WGU C190 Introduction to Biology 12 studiers today 4.8 (9 reviews) Students also studied Terms in this set (123) Western Governors UniversityBIO 5111 Save WGU C190 Intro to Biology 311 terms ellen_nicole_allen Preview C190 Pre-Assessment 70 terms Kelli_Sanchez3 Preview C190 210 terms joel_avila6Preview Bio WG 329 term sara Practice questions for this set Learn1 / 7Study using Learn Any matter an organism needs but cannot make for itself Biologythe scientific study of life Characteristics of Life1. Be made of materials organized in a hierarchical pattern.

• Use energy and raw materials to survive
• Sense and respond to changing environments and maintain internal stability, or

homeostasis.

• Grow, develop, and reproduce.
• Be part of a population that evolves.

Choose an answer 1Population2Molecule 3Community4Nutrient Don't know?

The Cellthe smallest unit that displays all characteristics of life MatterAny substance that has mass and takes up space. All matter can be classified as biotic or abiotic.BioticLiving or having lived Abioticnonliving and never have been alive AtomBasic unit of matter Moleculea chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by a chemical bond MacromoleculesTechnically polymers, made by combining smaller units called monomers.(Example -Deoxyrbonucleic Acid [DNA]) Two main types of cellsProkaryotic and Eukaryotic ProkaryoteSmall and simple, do not have clearly defined compartments inside of them Eukaryotesorganisms made up of one or more cells that have a nucleus and membrane- bound organelles Organellescompartments inside of the cell that contain specific groups of macromolecules and carry out specific cellular functions.microorganismsingle-celled life forms TissuesA group of similar cells that perform the same function.OrgansA collection of tissues that work together to carry out a common general function.organ systemthe higher level of organization that consists of functionally related organs Organismindividual living entity that survive and reproduce as a unit Populationall the individuals of a species living in a specific area CommunityAll the different populations that live together in an area EcosystemConsists of all the living things in a particular area together with the abiotic parts of that environment.Biospherethe of all ecosystems on Earth. Includes all habitable zones on the planet, including land, soil, rocks the Earth's crust, water and ice, and the atmosphere.Organization of BiosphereMolecule, Cell, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem

Homeostasisthe ability to maintain a stable internal environment NutrientAny matter an organism needs but cannot make for itself WasteMatter that is not used by an organism tat is excreted Energythe capacity to do work or to make a change in the location, temperature, or structure of matter.EvolutionScientific theory that explains how and why life changes over time.natural selectionA process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.sceintific inquiryan approach to asking and answering questions ProtonsPositively charged particles Neutronsthe particles of the nucleus that have a neutral charge electronA subatomic particle that has a negative charge covalent bondA chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule ionic bondA chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.hydrogen bondweak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom organic moleculescontain skeleton structures of carbon with hydrogen and oxygen inorganic moleculesnon-carbon based molecules monomersA chemical subunit that serves as a building block of a polymer.polymerA long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.Carbohydrates(sugars)store energy; provide structural support; facilitate communication lipids(fatty acids) provide energy (long term); serve as structural components of membranes nucleic acids(nucleotides) store genetic information, used in protein synthesis proteins(amino acids) serve as structural components of tissues; facilitate and speed up biochemical reactions (enzymes); participate in communication

cell membraneprovides a barrier between the interior and exterior of the cell it regulates the flow of substances in and out of the cell Cytoplasmfluid inside the cell in which the chemical reactions that enabe life take place Ribosomesbuild all the proteins needed by the cell cell wallstrong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells flagelluma slender threadlike structure, especially a microscopic whiplike appendage that enables many protozoa, bacteria, spermatozoa, etc., to swim.NucleusControl center of the cell. Contains DNA.nuclear envelopeA double membrane that surrounds the nucleus in the cell MitochondriaPowerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production ChloroplastsCapture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)The transportation system of the cell. It moves materials around the cell Golgi apparatusA system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell Vesiclessmall membrane sacs that specialize in moving products into, out of, and within a cell VacuolesStores food, water, wastes, and other materials CytoskeletonA network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement Cell Membranethe boundary that surrounds a cell and controls which substances can enter or leave the cell phospholipid bilayerfabric of the membrane causes the membrane to be semipermeable selectively permeableonly certain substances can pass through the membrane PhotosynthesisProcess by which organisms such as plants and algae absorb light energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide to glucose and oxygen Glucosesix-carbon carbohydrate. Humans (and all other organisms) use it as food, and release the energy through a process called respiration.cellular respirationis the process of breaking down glucose into simpler molecules, releasing some of the enrage stored in the bonds, and converting it into adenosine triphosphate (ATP)