WGU- C458: Health, Fitness, & Wellness

WGU- C458: Health, Fitness, & Wellness

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C458 Unit Quiz: Nutrition

10 terms Chris_Wright325 Preview Health, 33 terms gym Practice questions for this set Learn1 / 7Study using Learn Drugs whose use, possession, cultivation, manufacture, and/or sale are against the law because they generally are recognized as harmful Trans fatsFatty acids that are produced when polyunsaturated oils are hydrogenated to make them more solid High-density lipoproteins (HDL)Compounds that facilitate the transport of cholesterol in the blood to the liver for metabolism and elimination from the body Choose an answer 1Trans fats2Illicit (illegal) drugs 3Polysaccharide4Cellulose Don't know?

FatsBasic nutrients composed of carbon and hydrogen molecules; needed for the proper functioning of cells, insulation of body organs against shock, maintenance of body temperature, and healthy skin and hair Daily values (DV)The RDIs and DRVs together make up these, seen on food and supplement labels CelluloseFiber; major form of complex carbohydrates VitaminsEssential organic compounds that promote growth and reproduction and help maintain life and health Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)The average daily intakes of energy and nutrients considered adequate to meet the needs of most healthy people in the United States under usual conditions Dietary Reference Intake (RDI)A set of nutritional values, new combined listing, including more than 26 essential vitamins and minerals, that apply to healthy people Saturated fatsFats that are unable to hold anymore hydrogen in their chemical structure; derived mostly from animal sources; solid at room temperature

• S. Recommended Daily Allowances (USRDA) Dietary guidelines developed by the FDA and the USDA

CholesterolA form of fat circulating in the blood that can accumulate on the inner walls of arteries Adequate intake (AI)Best estimates of nutritional needs PolysaccharideA complex carbohydrate formed by the combination of long chains of saccharides HemochromatosisIron toxicity due to excess consumption Complex carbohydratesA major type of carbohydrate; provides sustained energy Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)Compounds that facilitate the transport of cholesterol in the blood to the body's cells Trace mineralsMinerals that the body needs in only very small amounts DisaccharideA combination of two monosaccharides Essential amino acidsNine of the basic nitrogen-containing building blocks of protein that must be obtained from foods to ensure health MineralsInorganic, indestructible elements that aid physiological processes Amino acidsThe building blocks of proteins

Unsaturated fatsFats that do have room for more hydrogen in their chemical structure; derived mostly from plants; liquid at room temperature MonosaccharideA simple sugar that contains only one molecule of sugar TriglyceridesThe most common form of fat in the body; excess calories consumed are converted into these and stored as body fat CarbohydratesBasic nutrients that supply the body with the energy needed to sustain normal activity NutrientsThe constituents of food that sustain us physiologically: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water AnemiaIron deficiency disease that results from the body's inability to produce hemoglobin Simple sugarA major type of carbohydrate; provides short-term energy FiberThe indigestible portion of plant foods that moves food through the digestive system and absorbs water GlycogenThe polysaccharide form in which glucose is stored in the liver and muscles HypervitaminosisA toxic condition caused by overuse of vitamin supplements Complete proteinsProteins that contain all nine essential amino acids CarotenoidsFat-soluble pigment compounds with antioxidant properties Incomplete proteinsProteins that are lacking in one or more of the essential amino acids AntioxidantsSubstances believed to protect active people from oxidative stress and resultant tissue damage at the cellular level CalorieA unit of measure that indicates the amount of energy obtained from a particular food Daily reference values (DRV)Recommended amounts for macronutrients such as total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol FolateA type of vitamin B believed to decrease levels of homocysteine, an amino acid that has been linked to vascular diseases Reference daily intakes (RDI)Recommended amounts of 19 vitamins and minerals, also known as micronutrients ProteinsThe essential constituents of nearly all body cells; necessary for the development and repair of bone, muscle, skin, and blood; the key elements of antibodies, enzymes, and hormones

MethamphetamineA powerfully addictive drug that strongly activates certain areas of the brain and affects the central nervous system Route of administrationThe manner in which a drug is taken into the body Nicotine poisoningSymptoms often experienced by beginning smokers, including dizziness, diarrhea, light-headedness, rapid and erratic pulse, clammy skin, nausea, and vomiting HeroinAn illegally manufactured derivative of morphine, usually injected into the bloodstream InhibitionA type of interaction in which the effects of one drug are eliminated or reduced by the presence of another drug at the receptor site Chewing tobaccoA stringy type of tobacco that is placed in the mouth and then sucked or chewed Alcohol abuseUse of alcohol that interferes with work, school, or personal relationships or that entails violations of the law Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)A disorder that may affect the fetus when the mother consumes alcohol during pregnancy. Among its affects are mental retardation; small head; tremors; and abnormalities of the face, limbs, heart, and brain Blood alcohol concentration (BAC)The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume; the factor used to measure the physiological and behavioral effects of alcohol InhalationThe introduction of drugs through the respiratory tract InjectionThe introduction of drugs into the body via a hypodermic needle Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)The chemical name for the active ingredient in marijuana Binge drinkingDrinking for the express purpose of becoming intoxicated; five drinks in a single sitting for men and four drinks in a sitting for women Drug abuseIntentionally using drugs in a way that is unhealthy or illegal EmphysemaA chronic lung disease in which the tiny air sacs in the lungs are destroyed, making breathing difficult Physiological dependenceThe adaptive state that occurs with regular addictive behavior and results in withdrawal syndrome Drug misuseTaking or using a drug in a way that is not intended Alcoholism (alcohol dependency)Condition in which personal and health problems related to alcohol use are severe, and stopping alcohol use results in withdrawal symptoms