WGU - Scripting and Programming Foundations

WGU - Scripting and Programming Foundations 26 studiers today 4.7 (21 reviews) Students also studied Terms in this set (85) Western Governors UniversityD 333 Save D278 Exam Prep 53 terms Sergeantsavage1 Preview Ultimate D278 Scripting and Progra...Teacher 114 terms Sara_HoeftPreview D278 Programming and Scripting 70 terms asup1Preview C173 Ve Teacher cmw Practice questions for this set Learn1 / 7Study using Learn A list of statements executed by invoking the function's name, with such invoking known as a function call.ProgramConsists of instructions executing one at a time.InputA program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen, network, etc.ProcessA programs performs computations on that data, such as adding two values like x

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Choose an answer 1Object2Function 3Statement4Output Don't know?

OutputA programs puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen, network, etc.Computational thinkingCreating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem.AlgorithmA sequence of instructions that solves a problem.StatementCarries out some action and executing one at a time.String literalConsists of text (characters) within double quotes, as in "Go #57!".CursorIndicates where the next output item will be placed in the output.NewlineA special two-character sequence \n whose appearance in an output string literal causes the cursor to move to the next output line. The newline exists invisibly in the output.CommentText added to a program, read by humans to understand the code, but ignored by the program when executed.WhitespaceRefers to blank spaces (space and tab characters) between items within a statement, and to newlines. Whitespace helps improve readability for humans, but for execution purposes is mostly ignored.PseudocodeText that resembles a program in a real programming language but is simplified to aid human understanding.Assignment statementAssigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5. An assignment statement's left side must be a variable. The right side is an expression.Examples: x = 5, y = a, or z = w + 2.=In programming, = is an assignment of a left-side variable with a right-side value. It does not represent equality like in mathematics.Variable declarationDeclares a new variable, specifying the variable's name and type.IdentifierA name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or function. An identifier must: be a sequence of letters (a-z, A-Z), underscores (_), and digits (0- 9), AND start with a letter or underscore.Reserved word or keywordA word that is part of the language, like integer, Get, or Put. A programmer cannot use a reserved word as an identifier.Lower camel caseAbuts multiple words, capitalizing each word except the first, such as numApples.Underscore separatedWords are lowercase and separated by an underscore, such as num_apples.ExpressionA combination of items, like variables, literals, operators, and parentheses, that

evaluates to a value. Example: 2 * (x+1)

LiteralA specific value in code, like 2.OperatorA symbol that performs a built-in calculation, like the operator + which performs addition.Unary minusThe subtraction sign (-) used as a negative.Note about integer literalCommas are not allowed, so 1,333,555 must be written as 1333555.Incremental developmentThe process of writing, compiling, and testing a small amount of code, then writing, compiling, and testing a small amount more (an incremental amount), and so on.Floating-point numberA real number, like 98.6, 0.0001, or -666.667.Floating-point literalA number with a fractional part, even if that fraction is 0, such as 1.0, 0.0, or 99.573.FunctionA list of statements executed by invoking the function's name, with such invoking known as a function call.Type conversionA conversion of one data type to another, such as an integer to a float.Implicit conversionWhen a program automatically performs several common conversions between integer and float types (as well as others).Type castConverts a value of one type to another type.StringA sequence of characters, like "Hello".BooleanRefers to a quantity that has only two possible values, true or false.ArrayAn ordered list of items of a given data type, like an array of integers or an array of floats. Array indices start from 0, not 1.ConstantA named value item that holds a value that cannot change.ElementEach item in an array.IndexIn an array, each element's location number.Scalar variableA single-item (non-array) variable.BranchA sequence of statements only executed under a certain condition.Nested branchesA branch's statements can include any valid statements, including another if-else branch.Equality operatorChecks whether two operand's values are the same (==) or different (=!). Note that equality is ==, not just =.

Relational operatorChecks how one operand's value relates to another, like being greater than.Logical operatorTreats operands as being true or false, and evaluates to true or false. Logical operators include and, or, not.EpsilonThe difference threshold indicating that floating-point numbers are equal.if-else statementAn if expression with the true branch's sub-statements, followed by an else part with any false branch sub-statements.if statementAn if expression followed by sub-statements, with no else part.if-elseif statementStarts with an if expression, followed by elseif expressions, and ending with else; when a program reaches the statement, exactly one of those branches will execute. When the else branch has no statements, the else part is omitted.LoopA program construct that repeatedly executes the loop's statements (known as the loop body) while the loop's expression is true; when false, execution proceeds past the loop. Each time through a loop's statements is called an iteration.Infinite loopA loop that never stops iterating. A common error is to accidentally create an infinite loop, often by forgetting to update a variable in the body, or by creating a loop expression whose evaluation to false isn't always reachable.Sentinel valueA special value indicating the end of a list, such as a list of positive integers ending with 0, as in 1 0 1 6 3 0.While loopA loop that repeatedly executes the loop body while the loop's expression evaluates to true.For loopA loop consisting of a loop variable initialization, a loop expression, and a loop variable update that typically describes iterating for a specific number of times.Nested loopA loop that appears in the body of another loop. The nested loops are commonly referred to as the inner loop and outer loop.Do-while loopA loop that first executes the loop body's statements, then checks the loop condition. Compared to a while loop, a do-while loop is useful when the loop should iterate at least once.Function definitionConsists of the new function's name and a block of statements. The function's name can be any valid identifier.Function callAn invocation of a function's name, causing the function's statements to execute.ParameterA function input specified in a function definition. Example: A pizza area function might have diameter as an input.