What is adenosine used for? - Antiarrhythmic used to treat supraventricular tachycardia.

NCLEX PN 2020

What is adenosine used for? - Antiarrhythmic used to treat supraventricular tachycardia.

What is dopamine used for? - A vasopressor used to treat symptomatic hypotension.

What is metoprolol used for? - Metoprolol is a beta blocker used for heart rate control in tachyarrhythmias.

Torsades de pointes - "Twisting of the points" usually do to a prolonged QT interval which is the result of electrolyte imbalances especially hypomagnesemia.

Gastric lavage - - Intubation and suction supplies should always be available at the bedside during GL in case the client develops aspiration or respiratory distress

• Performed through large bore (36 to 42 french)
• Client should be placed on side with HOB elevated.
• Should be initiated within one hour of overdose.

Allens test - Done to detect the patency of ulnar artery.

CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) - - 3O compressions to two rescue breathes.

• Hand placement is in the center of chest on lower half of the sternum.
• Compression rate of 100 to 120/min

AED placement for ≤ 8 years old - One AED pad on chest and one on back.

Why is suprapubic pressure applied during pregnancy? - It helps dislodge an impacted anterior shoulder from under the client's pubic bone in the event of shoulder dystocia.

Leopold maneuvers - A systematic approach to palpating the pregnant abdomen to identify fetal presentation.

McRoberts maneuver - Consists of sharply flexing the thigh onto the maternal abdomen to straighten the sacrum. It is used for shoulder dystocia.

How does the palm of your hand appear during negative Allens test? - It does not turn pink and remains pale.

What food allergies increase the risk for latex allergies? - Avocado, Banana and tomato.

GTPAL - Gravida, Term, Preterm, Abortion, Living.

Gravida (GTPAL) - The number of times a woman has been pregnant regardless of outcome.

Term (GTPAL) - The number of pregnancies delivered at 37 w 0 d gestation & beyond.

Preterm (GTPAL) - The number of pregnancies delivered from 20 w 0 d gestation through 36 w

• d gestation.

Abortion (GTPAL) - The number of pregnancies ending before 20 w 0 d gestation; these may be spontaneous (miscarriage) or induced abortions.

Living (GTPAL) - The number of currently living children.

Acrocyanosis - Peripheral cyanosis that is considered normal during the first day of life or up to 7-10 days after birth if the infant becomes cold.

Bishop Score - A system for the assessment and rating of cervical favorability and readiness for induction of labor.A higher Bishop score indicates an increased likelihood of successful induction that results in vaginal birth.

What is the average newborn head circumference? - 13-14 inches (33-35cm)

S/S of pyelonephritis - - N/V

• Fever and chills
• Flank pain
• Costovertebral tenderness

Important foods during pregnancy. - Foods containing folic acid, protein, whole grains, iron, and omega-3 fatty acids are especially important.

Supine hypotensive syndrome - Occurs when the weight of the abdominal contents compresses the vena cava, causing decreased venous return to the heart.

Preeclampsia - A systemic disease characterized by hypertension and proteinuria after the 20th gestational week with unknown etiology.

Eclampsia - The onset of convulsions or seizures that cannot be attributed to other causes in a woman with preeclampsia. Delivery is the only cure for preeclampsia-eclampsia syndrome.

Magnesium sulfate - A central nervous system depressant used to prevent/control seizure activity in preeclampsia/eclampsia clients. Therapeutic level is 4-7 mEq/L.

Medication used to lower bp during preeclampsia. - - Hydralazine (Apresoline)

• methyldopa (Aldomet)
• labetalol (Trandate) is used to lower blood pressure (BP) if needed (usually considered when

BP is >160/110 mm Hg).

Tocolytic drugs - Medications used to suppress contractions in preterm labor. Examples: terbutaline, magnesium sulfate, indomethacin, nifedipine.

HELLP syndrome - A severe form of preeclampsia.Hemolysis,Elevated Liver enzymes,Low Platelet count.

s/s of HELLP syndrome - RUQ pain, nausea, vomiting, and malaise.

Mongolian spots - A benign skin discoloration most often seen in newborns of ethnicities with darker skin tones (eg, African American, Native American, Hispanic, Asian).*Fade over first 1-2 years of life.*Measure and document area.

VBAC (vaginal birth after cesarean) - Have a slightly increased risk for uterine rupture due to previous surgical scarring of the uterus.

Signs of uterine rupture - -Abnormal fetal heart rate patterns.-Constant abdominal pain.-Loss of fetal station.

• Sudden cessation of uterine contractions.

What is an immediate intervention to help control ADHD? - Deep breathing.

Methylphenidate (Ritalin) - What is the drug of choice for treating ADHD. Not used on a PRN basis. Administered daily in 2-3 divided doses 30 -45 min before meals.

What is the legal criteria for involuntary admission? - - The individual appears to be an imminent danger to self or others.-The individual has a grave disability(unable to adequately care for basic needs) as a result of a mental illness.

borderline personality disorder(BPD) - To avoid being abandoned, they use manipulation and control, often unconsciously, to prevent a person from leaving. The manipulative behavior may be of a positive nature, such as the use of flattery, or a negative nature, such as distancing from the other person.

Caregiver role strain - A caregiver's perception of the multifactorial difficulties associated with providing care to another person (usually a family member).

What are some signs of caregiver role strain? - *All physical, emotional and social Fatigue, depression, isolation etc.

How do you choose activities for children with intellectual disabilities. - Based on the child's developmental age with consideration given to size, coordination, physical fitness, maturity, likes and dislikes, and health status.

Delusions - A positive symptom of schizophrenia. Delusions are false beliefs that have no basis in reality and are unrelated to a client's culture or intelligence.

Delusion of grandeur (grandiose) - The false belief in one's own superiority, greatness, or intelligence. Ex: "I need to get to Washington for my meeting with the president."

Delusion of control - False belief that a person's will, thoughts, or feelings are being controlled by external forces. Ex: "Don't drink the tap water. That's how the government controls us."

Nihilistic delusion - The individual has a false idea that the self, a part of the self, others, or the world is nonexistent. Ex: "It doesn't matter if I take my medicine. I'm already dead."

Somatic delusion - He or she believes that he or she has a physical defect or medical problem.

Ex: "The doctor said I'm fine, but I really have lung cancer."

Tactile hallucinations - When someone experiences some perception related to touch when it is not really there

Auditory hallucinations - Hearing voices, noises, music, or sounds that are not there.

Persecutory delusions - False, persistent beliefs that one is being pursued by other people

Delusions of reference - Delusions of reference cause clients to feel as if songs, newspaper articles, and other events are personal to them. Ex: "That song is a message sent to me in secret code."

Clinical Manifestations of anorexia nervosa - Extreme weight loss, amenorrhea, bradycardia, cold intolerance, dry skin, and lanugo.

What are the three categories of PTSD symptoms? - Reexperiencing the traumatic event, Avoiding reminders of the trauma, increased anxiety and emotional arousal.

Clozapine (Clozaril) - An atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia.Associated with a risk for agranulocytosis. *Pretreatment assessment and ongoing monitoring of WBC and absolute neutrophil counts are critical.

What are some potential side effects of clozapine? - Prolonged QT interval, orthostatic hypotension, Hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and weight gain.

Nursing care plan for clients with acute mania include: - Providing a quiet, structured, non- stimulating environment; engaging the client in one-on-one and physical activities; limiting contact with other people; and providing foods of high nutritional value that are easy to eat.

Helpful strategy for client with suicide ideation: - Safety planning is a helpful strategy to support a client with suicidal ideation. The safety plan should include strategies for making the environment safe, how to identify and cope with signs of an impending crisis, and carrying a list of people, mental health agencies, and hotlines the client can contact for help.