FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT BIO 103 FINAL

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FREE BIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT BIO 103 FINAL

EXAM Qs and Ans Expert- Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -108 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert- Explanation

Question 1: glucose

Answer:

a common six-carbon sugar (C6H12O6); the most common monosaccharide in most organisms

Question 2: recessive allele

Answer:

an allele that is only expressed when present in the homozygous condition; can be "hidden" by the expression of a dominant allele in the heterozygous condition

Question 3: zygote

Answer:

the diploid cell (2n) resulting from the joining of male and female gametes (fertilization)

Question 4: bacillus

Answer:

rod-shaped bacteria

Question 5: autotroph

Answer:

an organism able to build all of the complex organic molecules that it requires as its own food source, using only simple inorganic compounds

Question 6: synapsis

Answer:

the point-by-point alignment of chromosomes that occurs before the first meiotic division; crossing over takes place during this

Question 7: cytosol

Answer:

the fluid portion of the cytoplasm; contains the dissolved molecules and ions

Question 8: cleavage furrow

Answer:

the constriction that forms in animal cells that is responsible for dividing the cell into two daughter cells

Question 9: Punnett Square

Answer:

a diagrammatic way of showing the possible genotypes and phenotypes of genetic crosses

Question 10: alpha helix

Answer:

a form of secondary structure in proteins where the polypeptide chain is wound into a spiral due to the interactions between amino and carboxyl groups in the peptide backbone

Question 11: deoxyribose

Answer:

pentose sugar found in DNA

Question 12: nonpolar covalent molecule

Answer:

a type of covalent bond where electrons are shared equally; the overall charge is neutral

Question 13: heterozygous

Answer:

having two different alleles for the same gene; Aa

Question 14: tetrad

Answer:

four synapsed chromatids

Question 15: exocytosis

Answer:

a type of bulk transport out of cells in which a vacuole fuses with the plasma membrane, discharging the vacuole's contents to the outside

Question 16: nondisjunction

Answer:

the failure of homologues or sister chromatids to separate during meiosis or mitosis. resulting in an abnormal number of chromosomes

Question 17: endoplasmic reticulum

Answer:

internal membrane system made of channels and interconnections within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells; divided into two different types - rough and smooth

Question 18: lagging strand

Answer:

the DNA strand that is built discontinuously because of the 5' --> 3' directionality during replication, and the antiparallel nature of DNA

Question 19: channel protein

Answer:

protein forming an aqueous pore spanning the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane; allows diffusion of certain ions that cannot normally pass through the membrane to move across; N , C 2, K+.

Question 20: 3' end

Answer:

the end of the DNA strand with a hydroxyl group branching off of the 3' carbon

Question 21: telophase

Answer:

the phase of cell division where the spindle breaks down, the nuclear envelope of each daughter cell forms, and the chromosomes uncoil and become loosely arranged

Question 22: diffusion

Answer:

the net movement of particles from a region of where they are more concent to a region where they are less concent

Question 23: karyotype

Answer:

the chromosomes of a cell, usually displayed in a systematic arrangement of chromosome pairs in descending order of size; this can be used to study abnormalities, mutations, etc

Question 24: aerobic respiration

Answer:

process that results in the complete oxidation of glucose using oxygen as the final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain; produces ATP

Question 25: ionic bond

Answer:

a type of chemical bond formed through an electrical attraction between two oppositely charged ions

Question 26: prophase

Answer:

the phase of cell division when the condensed chromosomes become visible; this stage ends when the nuclear envelope has completely broken down; the assembly of the spindle apparatus takes place during this phase