80 test questions and answers based on the book Discovering Statistics

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80 test questions and answers based on the book *Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics* (6th edition) by Andy Field.We’ve made these questions as a study group in preparation for the final exams.

• What is the primary goal of descriptive statistics?

- Answer: Descriptive statistics summarize and describe the features of

a dataset in a meaningful way, such as through measures of central tendency, dispersion, and graphical representations.

• What is a frequency distribution?

- Answer: A frequency distribution is a summary of how often each

different value occurs in a dataset.

• What is the purpose of a histogram?

- Answer: A histogram is a graphical representation of the distribution of

a dataset. It shows the frequency of data points within certain ranges (bins).

• What does the term “central tendency” refer to?

- Answer: Central tendency refers to the central point or typical value in

a dataset, commonly measured using the mean, median, or mode.

• What is the difference between the mean, median, and mode?

- Answer: The mean is the average of all data points, the median is the

middle value when data is ordered, and the mode is the value that occurs most frequently.

• How do you calculate the standard deviation?

- Answer: The standard deviation is calculated as the square root of the

variance, which measures the average squared deviation from the mean.

• What is a z-score?
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