ABG Practice Questions

ABG Practice Questions 75 studiers today 5.0 (4 reviews) Students also studied Terms in this set (23) South College NSG 3213 Save ABG practice questions 12 terms Stefan_Lee2Preview Dosage Calculation Practice Exam 1...20 terms MtandinganPreview ABG practice questions Exam 1 med...23 terms Spireskristy97 Preview ABGs P 17 terms Ken pH: 2.45 PCO2: 75 HCO3: 28Partially compensated respiratory acidosis pH: 7.37 PCO2: 33 HCO3: 21Fully compensated metabolic acidosis pH: 7.38 PCO2: 33 HCO3: 12Fully compensated metabolic acidosis pH: 7.30 PCO2: 50 HCO3: 36Partially compensated respiratory acidosis pH: 7.50 PCO2: 36 HCO3: 32Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis pH: 7.27 PCO2: 42 HCO3: 20Uncompensated metabolic acidosis pH: 7.53 PCO2: 25 HCO3: 16Partially compensated respiratory alkalosis pH: 7.37 PCO2: 33 HCO3: 17Fully compensated metabolic acidosis pH: 7.15 PCO2: 53 HCO3: 36Partially compensated respiratory acidosis pH: 7.88 PCO2: 24 HCO3: 20Partially compensated respiratory alkalosis pH: 7.7 PCO2: 33 HCO3: 22Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis pH: 7.54 PCO2: 29 HCO3: 18Partially compensated respiratory alkalosis pH: 7.35 PCO2: 35 HCO3: 26normal

60 year-old with pneumonia. Admitted with dyspnea,

fever, and chills. Blood gas is below:

pH 7.28 CO2 56 PO2 70 HCO3 25 SaO2 89% What is your interpretation?What interventions would be appropriate?Has an uncompensated respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia as a result of his pneumonia. This is due to inadequate ventilation and perfusion. The treatment goals would be to improve both ventilation and oxygenation. Ventilation may improve with the use of bronchodilators and pulmonary hygiene. If not, the patient may require CPAP, BiPAP, or intubation and mechanical ventilation.Oxygen therapy should consist of only the minimal amount necessary to increase the oxygen saturation to normal (95%).24 year-old college student. History of Crohn's disease and is complaining a of a four day history of bloody-

watery diarrhea. A blood gas is obtained:

pH 7.28 CO2 43 pO2 88 HCO3 20 SaO2 96% What is your interpretation?What interventions would be appropriate?Uncompensated metabolic acidosis. This is due to excessive bicarbonate loss from diarrhea. It is interesting to note that there is no compensation. Normally, the respiratory center compensates quickly for metabolic disorders. However, the patient. would have to hyperventilate in order to compensate. This may not be possible in this present condition, and should be evaluated further. Treatment would consist of control of the diarrhea and bowel rest. It should not be necessary to administer bicarbonate in the present condition.80 year-old nursing home resident admitted with urosepsis. Over the last two hours has developed shortness of breath and is becoming confused. ABG

shows the following results:

pH 7.02 CO2 55 pO2 77 HCO3 14 SaO2 89% What is your interpretation?What interventions would be appropriate?Metabolic and respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia. The metabolic acidosis is caused by sepsis. The respiratory acidosis is secondary to respiratory failure. This presentation of sepsis and associated respiratory failure is consistent with ARDS.Treatment must be aggressive, because acidosis is severe. The respiratory status needs to be stabilized, and would probably require mechanical ventilation. If hypotension exists, aggressive fluid and vasopressor support would be warranted. This patient is at high risk for further complications and should be managed in an ICU. Bicarbonate should not be administered until the underlying sepsis and respiratory failure is treated.Thin, elderly-looking 61 year-old COPD patient. ABG done as part of routine care in the pulmonary clinic. The

results are as follows:

pH 7.37 CO2 63 pO2 58 HCO3 35 SaO2 89% What is your interpretation?What interventions would be appropriate?Fully-compensated respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia. Full compensation is evidenced by the normal pH in spite of acid/base disorder. This is the patients baseline and doesn't require treatment.17 year-old with intractable vomiting. Has some electrolyte abnormalities, so a blood gas is obtained to assess acid/base balance.pH 7.50 CO2 36 pO2 92 HCO3 27 SaO2 97% What is your interpretation?What interventions would be appropriate?Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis. This is due to vomiting that results in excessive loss of stomach acid. Treatment consists of fluids, anti-emetics, and management of the electrolyte disorders.18 year-old comatose, quadriplegic patient who has the

following ABG done as part of a medical workup:

pH 7.48 CO2 22 pO2 96 HCO3 16 SaO2 98% What is your interpretation?What interventions would be appropriate?As a result of the neurologic condition, the patient has chronic hyperventilation syndrom. Blood gas shows a fully-compensated respiratory alkalosis. This is a chronic and stable condition and probably requires no treatment.55 year-old with GERD. The patient takes about 15 TUMS antacid tablets a day. An ABG is obtained to assess

acid/base balance:

pH 7.46 CO2 42 pO2 86 HCO3 29 SaO2 97% What is your interpretation?What interventions would be appropriate?The patient has overmedicated with TUMS, effectively absorbing too much stomach acid. ABG shows a partially-compensated metabolic alkalosis. Treatment consists of better control of GERD, possibly with H2-blockers (Pepcid) or proton- pump inhibitors (Prilosec).

Found pulseless and not breathing this morning. After a couple minutes of CPR the patient responds with a pulse

and starts breathing on own. A blood gas is obtained:

pH 6.89 CO2 70 pO2 42 HCO3 13 SaO2 50% What is your interpretation?What interventions would be appropriate?Severe metabolic and respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia. The metabolic component comes from decreased perfusion, and the respiratory component comes from inadequate ventilation. Treatment would consist of intubation, mechanical ventilation, blood pressure and circulatory support.In respiratory distress. History of Type-I diabetes mellitus

and is now febrile. ABG shows: pH 7.00 CO2 59 pO2 86

HCO3 14 SaO2 91% What is your interpretation?What interventions would be appropriate?Metabolic and respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia. Respiratory acidosis is probably the result of pneumonia (also causing the fever). Pneumonia has altered glucose metabolism, causing hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis. Treatment

should be three-pronged: 1) increase oxygenation with oxygen therapy; CPAP,

BiPAP, or mechanical ventilation, 2) treat pneumonia with antibiotics, antipyretics, and good pulmonary hygiene, and 3) administer insulin and IV fluids to decrease blood glucose and treat DKA.Admitted for a drug overdose. Being mechanically ventilated and a blood gas is obtained to assess for

weaning. The results are as follows:

pH 7.54 CO2 19 pO2 100 HCO3 16 SaO2 98% What is your interpretation?What interventions would be appropriate?The patient is being overventilated which caused a partially-compensated respiratory alkalosis. Treatment would consist of decreasing ventilatory support, or trying other modes of ventilation to decrease minute volume. Will be difficult to wean from the ventilator in this condition due to the metabolic compensation.Therefore attempts should be made to allow CO2 to increase back to normal before weaning can proceed.