ADN220 Test 3 HIVAIDS NCLEX questions

ADN220 Test 3 HIV/AIDS NCLEX questions Leave the first rating Students also studied Terms in this set (47) Science MedicineNursing Save Acute Kidney Injury Nclex Question...18 terms yi_yan7Preview NCLEX Transplant Questions 13 terms tomygirl77Preview ADN 220 HIV/AIDS content 111 terms alexiswestra4Preview

ADN 22

735 term alex Which couple has the highest risk for sexual transmission of HIV without the use of a condom or dental dam?

• uninfected male performing vaginal intercourse with

an infected female

• Infected male performing vaginal intercourse with an

uninfected female

• uninfected male performing anal intercourse with an

infected male

• infected male performing oral sex on an uninfected

male

• Infected male performing vaginal intercourse with an uninfected female

During a health assessment, a 22-year old college student tells the nurse that she is sexually active and protects herself from HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) by using oral contraceptives. What is the nurse's best action?

• Remind the student that only abstinence prevents

STDs.

• Ask the health care provider to order an HIV test for

this student.

• Inform the student that oral contraceptives protect

against pregnancy but not against any STD.

• Reinforce the student's preferred use of oral

contraceptives, and refrain from commenting on her sexual activity.

• Inform the student that oral contraceptives protect against pregnancy but not

against any STD.

What is the most important question the nurse asks the client prescribed to begin highly active antiretroviral therapy?

• Do you have any symptoms now of active infection?
• Is there any possibility that you are pregnant?
• Are you currently sexually active?
• What other medications do you take?
• What other medications do you take?

Which dietary change does the nurse suggest for the client who has diarrhea associated with HIV disease?

• "Avoid fatty foods."
• "Increase your intake of fiber."
• "Take an antacid 30 minutes before each meal."
• "Restrict your intake of fluids to 1 liter per day."
• "Avoid fatty foods."

The nurse is providing counseling to a woman who is HIV positive and has just discovered that she is pregnant.Which anti-HIV drug is given to HIV-infected pregnant women to prevent transmission of the virus to the infant?

• Acyclovir (Zovirax)
• Zidovudine (Retrovir)
• Ribavirin (Virazole)
• Foscarnet (Foscavir)
• Zidovudine

Zidovudine, along with various other antiretroviral drugs, is given to HIV-infected pregnant women and even to newborn babies to prevent maternal transmission of the virus to the infant. The other drugs are non-HIV antiviral drugs A patient is in the HIV clinic for a follow-up appointment.He has been on antiretroviral therapy for HIV for more than 3 years. The nurse will assess for which potential adverse effects of long-term antiretroviral therapy?(select all that apply).

• Lipodystrophy
• Liver damage
• Kaposi's sarcoma
• Osteoporosis
• Type 2 diabetes

A, B, D, E

Anti-HIV drugs produce strain on the liver and may result in liver disease. A major adverse effect of protease inhibitors is lipid abnormalities, including lipodystrophy, or redistribution of fat stores under the skin. In addition, dyslipidemias, such as hypertriglyceridemia can occur, and insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes symptoms can result. The increase in long-term antiretroviral drug therapy due to prolonged disease survival has led to the emergence of another long-term adverse effect associated with these medications - bone demineralization and possible osteoporosis.Kaposi's sarcoma is an opportunistic disease associated with HIV, not a result of long-term drug therapy.The nurse prepares to give a bath and change the bed linens of a client with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma lesions.The lesions are open and draining a scant amount of serous fluid. Which would the nurse incorporate into the plan during the bathing of this client?

• Wearing gloves
• Wearing a gown and gloves
• Wearing a gown, gloves, and a mask
• Wearing a gown and gloves to change the bed linens,

and gloves only for the bath

• Wearing a gown and gloves

Gowns and gloves are required if the nurse anticipates contact with soiled items such as those with wound drainage, or is caring for a client who is incontinent with diarrhea or a client who has an ileostomy or colostomy. Masks are not required unless droplet or airborne precautions are necessary. Regardless of the amount of wound drainage, a gown and gloves must be worn.

The nurse is assisting in planning care for a client with a diagnosis of immunodeficiency and should incorporate which action as a priority in the plan?

• Protecting the client from infection
• Providing emotional support to decrease fear?
• Encouraging discussion about lifestyle changes.
• Identifying factors that decreased the immune

function.

• Protecting the client from infection

The client with immunodeficiency had inadequate or absence of immune bodies and is at risk for infection. The priority nursing intervention would be to protect the client from infection. The other options may be components of care but are not the priority.The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is diagnosed with cutaneous Karposi's sarcoma.Based on this diagnosis, the nurse understands that this has been confirmed by which finding?

• Swelling in the genital area.
• Swelling in the lower extremities.
• Positive punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions.
• Appearance of reddish-blue lesions noted on the skin.
• Positive punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions.

Kaposi's sarcoma lesions begin as red, dark blue, or purple macules on the lower legs that change into plaques. These large plaques ulcerate or open and drain.The lesions spread by metastasis through the upper body and then to the face and oral mucosa. They can move to the lymphatic system, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. Late disease results in swelling and pain in the lower extremities, penis, scrotum, or face. Diagnosis is made by punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions and biopsy of pulmonary and gastrointestinal lesions.A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and "Pneumocystis jiroveci" infection has been receiving pentamidine. The client develops a temperature of 101 F (38.3 C). The nurse continues to assess the client, knowing that this sign most likely indicates which condition?

• The the dose of the medication is too low.
• That the client is experiencing toxic effects of the

medication.

• That the client has developed inadequacy of

thermoregulation.

• That the client has developed another infection caused

by leukopenic effects of the medication.

• That the client had developed another infection caused by leukopenic effects

of the medication.Frequent adverse effects of this medication include leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. The client should be monitored routinely for signs and symptoms of infection.The school nurse is preparing to teach a health class to ninth graders regarding sexually transmitted diseases.Which information regarding AIDS should be included?

• Females taking birth control pills are protected from

becoming infected with HIV.

• Protected sex is no longer an issue because there is a

vaccine for the HIV virus.

• Adolescents with a normal immune system are not at

risk for developing AIDS.

• Abstinence is the only guarantee of not becoming

infected with sexually transmitted HIV.

• Abstinence is the only guarantee of not becoming infected with sexually

transmitted HIV.Abstinence is the only guarantee the client will not contract a sexually transmitted disease, including AIDS. An individual who is HIV negative in a monogamous relationship with another individual who is HIV negative and committed to a monogamous relationship is the safest sexual relationship.

The nurse is admitting a client diagnosed with protein- calorie malnutrition secondary to AIDS. Which intervention should be the nurse's first intervention?

• Assess the client's body weight and ask what the client

has been able to eat.

• Place in contact isolation and don a mask and gown

before entering the room.

• Check the HCP's orders and determine what

laboratory tests will be done.

• Teach the client about total parenteral nutrition and

monitor the subclavian IV site.

• Assess the client's body weight and ask what the client has been able to eat.

The client has a malnutrition syndrome. The nurse assesses the body and what the client has been able to eat.The client diagnosed with AIDS is complaining of a sore mouth and tongue. When the nurse assesses the buccal mucosa, the nurse notes white, patchy lesions covering the hard and soft palates and the right inner cheek.Which interventions should the nurse implement?

• Teach the client to brush the teeth and patchy area

with a soft-bristle toothbrush.

• Notify the HCP for an order for an antifungal swish-

and-swallow medication.

• Have the client gargle with an antiseptic-based

mouthwash several times a day.

• Determine what types of food the client has been

eating for the last 24 hours.

• Notify the HCP for an order for an antifungal swish-and-swallow medication

This most likely is a fungal infection known as candidiasis, commonly called thrush.An antifungal medication is needed to treat this condition.Which type of isolation technique is designed to decrease the risk of transmission of recognized and unrecognized sources of infections?

• Contact Precautions.
• Airborne Precautions
• Droplet Precautions.
• Standard Precautions.
• Standard Precautions.

Standard precautions are used for all contact with blood and body secretions.The nurse is describing the HIV virus infection to a client who has been told he is HIV positive. Which information regarding the virus is important to teach?

• The HIV virus is a retrovirus, which means it never dies

as long as it has a host to live in.

• The HIV virus can be eradicated from the host body

with the correct medical regimen.

• Is is difficult for the HIV virus to replicate in humans

because it is a monkey virus.

• The HIV virus used the client's own red blood cells to

reproduce the virus in the body.

• The HIV virus is a retrovirus, which means it never dies as long as it has a host to

live in.Retroviruses never die; the virus may become dormant, only to be reactivated at a later time. "Eradicated" means to be completely cured or done away with; HIV cannot be eradicated. The HIV virus originated in the green monkey, in which it is not deadly. HIV in humans replicates readily using the CD4 cells as reservoirs. The HIV virus uses the CD4 cells of the immune system as reservoirs to replicate itself.