Chapter 21: Burns

Chapter 21: Burns

Leave the first rating Students also studied Terms in this set (30) Science MedicineSurgery Save Burns Ignatavicius 30 terms amcardascioPreview

Chapter 21: Burns

Teacher 30 terms Emily_Fyda6Preview

Chapter 10: Concepts of Emergency ...

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IGGY C

33 terms fan What is the optimal measurement of intravascular fluid status during the immediate fluid resuscitation phase of burn treatment?

• Blood urea nitrogen
• Daily weight
• Hourly intake and urine output
• Serum potassium
• Hourly intake and urine output

In patients with extensive burns, what process is responsible for edema occurring in both burned and unburned areas?

• Catecholamine-induced vasoconstriction
• Decreased glomerular filtration
• Increased capillary permeability
• Loss of integument barrier
• Increased capillary permeability

Tissue damage from burn injury activates an inflammatory response that increases the patient's risk for what complication?

• Acute kidney injury
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome
• Infection
• Stress ulcers
• Infection

A patient who weighs 154 pounds has a burn injury that covers 50% of body surface area. The nurse calculates the intravenous (IV) fluid needs for the first 24 hours after a burn injury using a standard fluid resuscitation formula.The nurse plans to administer what amount of fluid in the first 24 hours?

• 2800 mL
• 7000 mL
• 14 L
• 28 L
• 14 L

The nurse is caring for a patient who has circumferential full-thickness burns of his forearm? What is the priority intervention in the plan of care?

• Keeping the extremity in a dependent position
• Active and passive range of motion every hour
• Preparing for an escharotomy as a prophylactic

measure

• Splinting the forearm
• Active and passive range of motion every hour

The patient asks the nurse if the placement of the autograft over a full-thickness burn will be the only surgical intervention needed to close the wound. What is the nurse's best response?

• "Unfortunately, an autograft skin is a temporary graft

and a second surgery will be needed to close the wound."

• "An autograft is a biological dressing that will

eventually be replaced by your body generating new tissue."

• "Yes, an autograft will transfer your own skin from one

area of your body to cover the burn wound."

• "Unfortunately, autografts frequently do not adhere

well to burn wounds and a xenograft will be necessary to close the wound."

• "Yes, an autograft will transfer your own skin from one area of your body to

cover the burn wound." A patient admitted with severe burns to the face and hands is showing signs of extreme agitation. The nurse should explore the mechanism of burn injury possibly related to what data noted in the patient's medical history?

• Excessive alcohol use
• Methamphetamine use
• Posttraumatic stress disorder
• Subacute delirium
• Methamphetamine use

The nurse is caring for patient who has been struck by lightning. Because of the nature of the injury, the nurse assesses the patient for which possible complication?

• Central nervous system deficits
• Contractures
• Infection
• Stress ulcers
• Central nervous system deficits

The nurse is providing care to a patient with burns whose care of plan care includes a prescription for opiates to be given intramuscularly for pain. Why would the nurse contact the primary care provider (PCP) to change the order to intravenous administration?

• Intramuscular injections cause additional skin

disruption.

• Burn pain is so severe it requires relief by the fastest

route available.

• Hypermetabolism limits effectiveness of medications

administered intramuscularly.

• Tissue edema may interfere with drug absorption of

injectable routes.

• Tissue edema may interfere with drug absorption of injectable routes.

When paramedics report singed hairs in the nose of a burn patient, it is recommended that the patient be intubated. What is the reasoning for the immediate intubation?

• Carbon monoxide poisoning always occurs when soot

is visible.

• Inhalation injury above the glottis may cause significant

edema that obstructs the airway.

• The patient will have a copious amount of mucus that

will need to be suctioned.

• The singed hairs and soot in the nostrils will cause

dysfunction of cilia in the airways.

• Inhalation injury above the glottis may cause significant edema that obstructs

the airway.A patient with a 60% burn in the acute phase of treatment develops a tense abdomen, decreasing urine output, hypercapnia, and hypoxemia. Based on this assessment, the nurse anticipates interventions to evaluate and treat the patient for what complication?

• Acute kidney injury
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome
• Intraabdominal hypertension
• Disseminated intravascular coagulation disorder
• Intraabdominal hypertension

An elderly individual from an assisted living facility (ALF) presents with severe scald burns to the buttocks and back of the thighs. The caregiver from the ALF accompanies the patient to the emergency department and states that the bath water was "too hot" and that the "patient sat in the water too long." What should the nurse do to best achieve an accurate history of the event?

• Ask the caregiver at what temperature the water heater

is set in the home.

• Ask the caregiver to step out while examining the

patient's burn injury.

• Immediately contact the police to report the

suspected elder abuse.

• Ask the caregiver to describe exactly how the injury

occurred.

• Ask the caregiver to step out while examining the patient's burn injury.
• Why is silver is used as an ingredient in many burn

dressings?

• Stimulates tissue granulation.
• Is effective against a wide spectrum of wound

pathogens.

• Provides topical pain relief.
• Stimulates wound healing.
• Is effective against a wide spectrum of wound pathogens.

The nurse understands that negative-pressure wound therapy may be used in the treatment of partial-thickness burn wounds to accomplish what outcome?

• Maintain a closed wound system to decrease the risk of

infection.

• Remove excessive wound fluid and promote moist

wound healing.

• Increase patient mobility with large burn wounds.
• Quantify wound drainage amount for more accurate

output assessment.

• Remove excessive wound fluid and promote moist wound healing.

The nurse caring for a patient with an electrical injury understands that patients with electrical injury are at a high risk for acute kidney injury secondary to what related process?

• Hypervolemia from burn resuscitation
• Increased incidence of ureteral stones
• Nephrotoxic antibiotics for prevention of infection
• Release of myoglobin from injured tissues
• Release of myoglobin from injured tissues