AP European Practice Exam Questions and Answers

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AP European Practice Exam Questions and Answers (2022/2023) (Verified Answers) 1.The Renaissance marks the beginning of the modern era in large part due to the development of all of the following EXCEPT a.the foundations of capitalism were laid at this time b.individualism emerged as a trend c.trade with the new western world began trend of Global trade d.scientific thought emerged with an emphasis on the scientific method e.northern Europe began to dominate southern europe✔✔ E. Northern Europe did not dominate southern Europe until the decline of Spain in the 17th century 2." Geography is Destiny" proved true for the Italians of the 14th and 15th centuries for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a.their proximity to he Mediterranean b.the establishment of overland trade with Asia c.their role as the "middlemen" of Europe d.their ability to adapt to victimization by more united peoples e.their seagoing trade with the eastern Mediterranean✔✔ B. Analysis of all other answers support the statement 3.Which of the following was NOT an effect of the Hundred Years War?a.a significant decrease in the population b.a series of peasant rebellions 1 / 4

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c.the unification of Castile and Aragon d.a more politically unified France e.an economically weaker England✔✔ C. The unification of the Kingdoms of Castile and Aragon had nothing to do with the Hundred Years War Castile and Aragon were unified by the marriage of Isabella and Ferdinand in 1469.The other four choices are incorrect because they were effects of the Hundred Years War.

4.The Black Death refers a.to the ruthlessness of the Norman Kings of England b.refers to the outbreak of plague in Europe that killed between one- quarter and one-third of the population between 1347 and 1352 c.refers to the Spanish Inquisition d.was a fifteenth-century phenomenon e.increased the authority of traditional European institutions like the Church and the nobility✔✔ B. The Black Death refers to the outbreak of plague in Europe that killed between one-quarter and one-third of the population between 1347 and 1352. Choices A and C are incorrect because the phrase Black Death refers specifically to the plague and, in spite of its severe name, it has nothing to do with the ruthlessness of either the Norman Kings or the Spanish Inquisition. 2 / 4

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Choice D is incorrect because the Black Death was a fourteenth- century (not a fifteenth-century) phenomenon. Choice E is incorrect because the phrase Black Death refers to the plague and because the plague did not increase but actually weakened the power of the Church and the nobility.

5.Fifteenth-century attempts by the cardinals to reform, reunite, and reinvig- orate the Church are known collectively as a.the Reformation b.the Counter- Reformation c.the Inquisition d.the Conciliar Movement e.the Court of the Star Chamber✔✔ D. The fifteenth-century attempts by councils of cardinals to reform, reunite, and reinvigorate the Church are known collectively as the Conciliar Movement. Choice A is incorrect because, although the leaders of the movement that came to be known as the Reformation did originally have as their goal reforming and reinvigorating the Church, they were not cardinals in the Church and their movement was not one of reunification. Choice B is incorrect because, although the socalled Counter-Reformation also had reform as one of its goals, it increasingly came to be concerned with stamping out Protestantism and was also not a movement particular to the cardinals. Choice C is incorrect because the Inquisition was an instrument of the Church invented in Spain to enforce the conversion of Muslims and Jews, and later used to root out Protestants. Finally, 3 / 4

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choice E is incorrect because the Court of the Star Chamber was an instrument used by the early Tudor kings of England to curb the power of the nobility and had nothing to do with Church reform.

6.Which of the following is NOT a way in which fifteenth-century armies differed from their predecessors?a.They were commanded by officers of noble birth. b.They were composed of mercenary soldiers.c.They fought for pay and spoils rather than honor and feudal obligation. d.They relied on artillery and infantry more than on cavalry.e.They created a greater need for taxes.✔✔ A. The commanding of armies by men of noble birth was a continuous aspect of European armies that did not change until the nineteenth century. Choices B-E are incorrect because these are all ways in which fifteenth-century armies did differ from their predecessors.

7.Of the fifteenth-century attempts by monarchs to consolidate and central- ize power, the most successful was in a.England b.France

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