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BIOLl 1107l Examl 4l –l Principlesl ofl Biologyl Il (Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l Review|l 100%l Verifiedl Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel A
Q:l Startl codon
Answer:
AUGl (methionine)l
codonl thatl signalsl tol ribosomesl tol beginl translation;l codesl forl thel firstl aminol acidl inl al protein
Q:l Howl manyl stopl codonsl arel there?
whatl arel they?
Answer:
3l (UAA,l UGA,l UAG)
Ul Arel Annoying Ul Gol Away Ul Arel Gone
Q:l Howl manyl differentl aminol acidsl arel there?
Answer:
20l differentl aminol acids
Q:l Redundantl codons/l aminol acidl sequencel definition 1 / 4
Answer:
Morel thanl onel possiblel threel letterl sequencel tol encodel forl al particularl aminol acid.
Q:l Inl RNA,l Uracill base-pairsl with?
Answer:
Adenine
Q:l permeasesl arel whatl kindl ofl protein?
Answer:
transmembranel transportl proteins
-Allowsl lactosel tol getl throughl thel celll membrane
Q:l Chaperonel proteinsl assistl with
Answer:
Proteinl folding
Q:l rRNAl catalyzesl what?
Answer:
Peptidel bondsl betweenl aminol acidsl attachedl tol tRNA
-Proteinl synthesis
Q:l Whichl tRNAl structurel recognizesl thel mRNAl duringl translation
Answer:
Anticodon
- / 4
Q:l Whatl isl al chargedl tRNA?
Answer:
tRNAl bondedl tol anl aminol acid
Q:l aminoacyl-tRNAl synthetase
Answer:
Anl enzymel thatl joinsl eachl aminol acidl tol thel appropriatel tRNA.
Q:l aminoacyl-tRNAl synthetasel recognizesl whichl structurel ofl tRNA
Answer:
D-loop/D-arm
Q:l Whichl tRNAl structurel bindsl tol thel ribosome
Answer:
T-loop/l T-arm
Remember:l T-loopl Tethersl tRNA
Q:l Thel twol partsl ofl al ribosomel arel called
Answer:
largel subunitl (60s)l andl smalll subunitl (40s)
Q:l Describel thel largel subunitl ofl thel ribosome
Answer:
-Containsl catalyticl Chambers 3 / 4
-Wherel transcriptionl takesl place
Q:l Describel thel smalll subunitl ofl thel ribosome.
Answer:
-Wherel initiall bindingl tol mRNAl happens
Q:l Whichl aminol acidl codonsl arel notl degenerate/redundant.
Answer:
Tryptophan-l UGG methioninel -l AUG
-onlyl onel codonl encodesl forl thesel aminol acids
Q:l Al mutationl inl thel genel HGDl causesl thisl disease
Answer:
Alkaptonuria
Q:l Startl andl stopl codonsl effectl both.
Answer:
Translationl andl transcription
Q:l Whatl arel thel 3l sitesl onl al ribosome?
Answer:
El site,l Pl site,l Al site
Q:l Ribosomall subunitsl arel madel of
- / 4
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