BIOLl 1108l Examl 3l l Principlesl ofl

BIOLl 1108l Examl 3l –l Principlesl ofl Biologyl IIl (Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l Guide|l 100%l Verifiedl Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel A

Q:l sperml passesl throughl twol layers

Answer:

1)l layerl ofl folliclel cellsl (coronal radiata) 2)l innerl matrixl ofl glycoproteinl (zonal pellucida)

Q:l polyspermy

Answer:

fertilizationl byl morel thanl onel seprm;l preventedl byl membranel potentiall changel ofl eggl (fastl block)

Q:l slowl blockl ofl sperm?

Answer:

vesiclesl inl oocytel fusel withl plasmal membranel andl releasel contentsl leadingl tol modificationl ofl structurel ofl zonal pellucida

Q:l inl vitrol fertilization

Answer:

processl wherel eggsl andl sperml arel broughtl togetherl inl al petril dish

Q:l cleavage 1 / 4

Answer:

earlyl celll divisionl ofl zygote;l largerl celll fivides

Q:l blastula

Answer:

hollowl balll formingl followingl cleavage

Q:l gastrula

Answer:

multiple-layeredl embryonicl sagel ofl deelopment

-formsl germl layers:l ectoderm,l mesoderm,l endoderm

Q:l organogenesis

Answer:

transformationl ofl germl layersl intol organl systeml ofl thel body

Q:l secondl andl thirdl trimesterl characterizedl byl ______

Answer:

fetall growth

Q:l hoxl gene

Answer:

regulatel developmentl ofl majorl featuresl ofl bodyl forml inl animals

Q:l animal 2 / 4

Answer:

heterotrophic,l multicellularl eukaryotesl thatl forml al gastrulal duringl developmentl =1.5l millionl speciesl described

Q:l sponges

Answer:

thel mostl basall metazoans,l lackl bodyl tissue,l andl guts,l butl havel skeletall supportl andl arel chemicallyl exotic;l "porifera" -earliesl andl leastl integratedl branch

-habits:l filterl feeding,l sexuall reproductionl

-dol notl havel complexl reproductivel stuctures -spiculesl ofl glasslikel silical orl calcium -majorl contributorl tol seafloorl communities

Q:l choanocytes

Answer:

linel interiorl surfacel ofl sponges;l flagellatedl cellsl thatl capturel foodl andl gasl exchange;l "collarl cells"

Q:l mesophyll

Answer:

betweenl interiorl andl exteriorl layer;l gelatinousl mass-l containingl cellsl thatl functionl inl skeletall formationl andl nutrientl dispersal

Q:l thel eumatazoa

Answer:

"goofl animals"l *havel tissue*

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Q:l diploblastic

Answer:

twol tissuel layersl (endoderml andl ectoderm)

Q:l triptoblastic

Answer:

threel tissuel layersl (endoderm,l mesoderm,l ectoderm)

Q:l ectoderm

Answer:

outermost;l tissuel layersl thatl formsl skinl andl nervousl system

Q:l mesoderm

Answer:

middlel layer;l formsl organs

Q:l endoderm

Answer:

innermost;l tissuel layerl thatl formedl duringl gastrulation,l formsl gut

Q:l radiall symmetry

Answer:

manyl planesl ofl symmetry;l topl andl bottom,l usuallyl sessilel float

Q:l bilaterall symmetry

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