Burns, Uworld Questions

Burns, Uworld Questions 5.0 (1 review) Students also studied Terms in this set (33) Science MedicineEmergency Medicine Save Resp/Burn UWorld 35 terms victoria_herman6 Preview NCLEX Style Practice Questions Bur...100 terms akrrissman84Preview Spinal Cord Injury NCLEX Questions...Teacher 53 terms julia11213Preview RN Lea 150 term ken Why should the RN prioritize fluid resuscitation in a burn victim?Circulatory compromise is common after sustaining a burn.A surgery involving incisions made through escar that is performed to prevent necrosis and tissue ischemia from impairing circulation.Escharotomy EscharBurned tissue What poses the highest risk of mortality in the initial phase of the burn process?Hypovolemic shock What is the greatest indicator that fluid resuscitation therapy has effectively restored tissue perfusion?Adequate urine output (at least 30ml/hour).What would a rapid increase in weight indicate in a burn patient who is recieving fluids?Fluid shifts continue to occur and the kidneys are not eliminating properly.Potential for fluid overload.Why is smoke inhalation the leading cause of death in burn clients?It causes thermal injury to the the upper airways, chemical injury to the tracheobronchial tree, and carbon monoxide/cyanide poisoning.Why should patients who were burned in a fire receive 100% oxygen?To displace carbon monoxide and cyanide from hemoglobin.When is intubation indicated for burn patients? When there is evidence of upper airway edema that may result in respiratory distress

Pain medication should be administered via which route when caring for a patient with severe burns?Intravenous Why should you not dose pain medications orally to a burn patient?Burns can cause large fluid shifts and thus decrease perfusion to the GI tract, thus resulting in inconsistent absorption of oral medications.Why should you not dose pain medications via intramuscular or subcutaeous injection to a burn patient.Burns damage the muscle and subcutaneous tissue, causing generalized body edema and decreased circulating blood volume.After a burn occurs, what time period is the emergent phase?24-72 hours What happens during the emergent phase of a burn? Fluid, proteins, and intravascular components leak into the surrounding interstitium.In the emergent phase, what happens as a result of fluid, proteins, and intravascular components leaking into the surrounding interstitium?Fluid shifts and hypovolemia Why might a patient suffering from severe burns end up with cardiac arrhythmias and EKG changes?Potassium is released when cellular damage occurs. Hyperkalemia (K+<5) often occurs, and this leads to tall, peaked T-waves (instead of rounded T-waves).Why might a patient suffering from severe burns end up with increased hematocrit and hemoglobin values?There will be hemoconcentration due to hypovolemia.What is the normal range hematocrit values?35-50% What is the normal range for hemoglobin values? 12-17 Why should a burn patient have hypoactive bowel sounds?The sympathetic nervous system is activated in response to a burn, causing decreased peristalsis. N/V, gastric distension, and parlytic ileus may occur.What is the predominant intracellular cation?Potassium What is the predominant extracellular cation?Sodium Why might a patient suffering from severe burns end up with hyperkalemia?Potassium is the predominant intracellular cation and is released as a result of cellular rupture.Why might a patient suffering from severe burns end up with hyponatremia?Sodium is the most abundant extracellular cation and will be lost to fluid shifts and other fluid losses.What is the normal range for potassium?3.5-5 What is the normal range for sodium?135-145 How does nutrition relate to burn injuries?Burn victims have increased metabolism and calorie requirements that must be met for healing to occur; the nutrition needed for healing increases proportionally with the percentage of burned tissue.

Why are isotonic IV solutions like 0.9% soidum chloride and Lactated Ringers used to replace fluid losses from burns?They have the same osmolarity as plasma and can safely expand intravascular fluid volume.Why might a patient experiencing anaphylaxis due to a food allergy be given an IV bolus of 1,000mL 0.9% sodium chloride solution?Anaphylaxis can cause dangerous hypotension becasue it can cause increased capillary permeability, and thus intravascular fluid will leak into free spaces.If a child's arm is burned from accidentally spilling hot soup on it, why should the parent briefly soak the arm with cool water?To stop the burning process.Why should clothing be removed from around the burned area?To prevent constriction as edema develops. Also allow for faster assessment.Why should you cover a burn with a clean, dry cloth? To prevent contamination and further trauma.Why should you not place ice on a burn in order to relieve pain?It can increase tissue damage and may cause hypothermia if the burned area is large.