Chapter 10 Pathophysiology NCLEX-Style Review

Chapter 10 Pathophysiology NCLEX-Style Review Questions Leave the first rating Students also studied Terms in this set (20) Science MedicineInfectious Disease Save Patho Exam 2 module 4 35 terms samanthaA783 Preview CH. 14 Mechanisms of Infectious Dis...38 terms Mackenzie_Bryan1 Preview Chapter 14 Mechanisms of Infectiou...15 terms sorsini1108Preview Pathop 20 terms ccro There has been an incidence of influenza in both Europe and in the United States. What is the term that best describes this incidence?-Endemic -Epidemic -Pandemic -Outbreak Pandemic The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with varicella.The nurse is aware that nonspecific manifestations may

include:

-Pruritic rash -Liquid-filled blisters -Sores with crustations -Fever Fever A clinic health care provider has noticed an increase in the number of clients getting tested for Lyme disease. In addition to blood testing, what other manifestations will clients diagnosed with Lyme disease display? Select all that apply.-diarrhea -headaches -"bull's eye" red rash -joint pain and swelling -nosebleeds "bull's eye" red rash, joint pain and swelling, headaches

The nurse is caring for a client with an infection of Candida albicans. Which type of antimicrobial agent will the nurse plan to administer to effectively treat this disease?-Antiprotozoal -Antibacterial -Antifungal -Antiviral Antifungal Which scenario is an example of how international travel has contributed to increased prevalence and incidence of nonindigenous diseases?-Hepatitis A outbreak when a restaurant worker forgot to wash the hands after using the restroom -Outbreak of hemolytic-uremic syndrome related to contaminated salad being shipped to various regions -An airline pilot getting ill after eating pork in a restaurant in Hong Kong -Increase in the number of reported Lyme disease cases related to a hot summer with local large deer population Outbreak of hemolytic-uremic syndrome related to contaminated salad being shipped to various regions Which agent is considered to be high-risk in a bioterrorism event?-Hantavirus -E. coli -M. tuberculosis -B. anthracis

• anthracis

Which best describes the structure of a virus?-Consists of a capsid that surrounds a nucleic acid core -Has a helical cell wall -A small prokaryote that lacks a cell wall -Possesses both a cell wall and a cell membrane Consists of a capsid that surrounds a nucleic acid core A client in the second trimester of pregnancy arrives for the first prenatal visit and admits that she and her partner traveled to South America where they went on a rain forest excursion when she was 4 weeks' pregnant. Which congenital mosquito-borne abnormality may be seen on ultrasound if the fetus is affected?-syndactyly of the hands -gastroschisis -microcephaly -spina bifida microcephaly

A nurse is teaching a group of clients about health promotion activities and lifestyle changes. A client tells the nurse he has smoked two packs of cigarettes a day for the last 4 years and has been told he is at risk for developing respiratory infections. The best response

would be:

-"Smoking can increase the risk of inhalation-acquired diseases." -"Smoking will destroy any inhalation-acquired diseases." -"You can decrease your risk by only smoking one pack per day." -"Smoking will not increase the risk of inhalation-acquired diseases." "Smoking can increase the risk of inhalation-acquired diseases." A client with otitis media is ordered to receive amoxicillin.The client questions the nurse on how the drug works.Which statement describes how penicillin works?-This drug causes interference with a specific step in bacterial cell wall synthesis.-This drug causes the interruption of nucleic acid synthesis.-This drug causes the interference with normal cell metabolism.-This drug causes the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis.This drug causes interference with a specific step in bacterial cell wall synthesis.A client tells the health care provider he has heard several myths about viruses. The most appropriate

information for the nurse to provide would be:

-"Viruses kill cells they come in contact with immediately." -"Viruses can produce symptoms of disease months to years later." -"Viruses do not require a host cell to replicate." -"Viruses are capable of replicating outside of a living cell." "Viruses can produce symptoms of disease months to years later." Select the option that best describes a single-celled organism that reproduces by a budding process.-Mold -Virus -Bacteria -Yeast Yeast A nurse is educating a group of preteens about viruses that potentially cause cancer. Which types of cancer will the nurse mention can be caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) and prevented by the HPV 9-valent vaccine? Select all that apply.-oropharyngeal cancer -lung cancer -dermatological warts -cervical cancer -anal cancer oropharyngeal cancer, anal cancer, cervical cancer

An adolescent is diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus. What information should the nurse provide to the parents?Select all that apply.-Epstein-Barr virus can be spread by saliva.-The Epstein-Barr virus can be treated with antibiotics.-Epstein-Barr virus can cause infectious mononucleosis.-The Epstein-Barr virus invades and replicates within the salivary glands.-The treatment of the Epstein-Barr virus is bed rest lasting several months.The Epstein-Barr virus invades and replicates within the salivary glands, Epstein- Barr virus can be spread by saliva, Epstein-Barr virus can cause infectious mononucleosis.A client asks the nurse what happens when a pathogen enters the body. Select the best response.-Pathogens that enter the intestinal mucosa can cause diseases in the lungs or liver.-Pathogens all enter the body through inhalation.-Pathogens that enter through disrupting the skin are entering by direct contact.-Pathogens that enter the body through the intestinal tract will always lead to infection.Pathogens that enter the intestinal mucosa can cause diseases in the lungs or liver.A client is in the intensive care unit with sepsis and is diagnosed with invasive aspergillosis. The client has not improved despite typical antifungal medications. Which new antifungal agent is likely to be prescribed because it inhibits the synthesis of a fungal cell wall polysaccharide found in many fungi?-caspofungin -nystatin -diflucan -indinavir caspofungin A client complains of general malaise and fatigue and has a mild fever. The nurse would evaluate this stage of

disease as the:

-Prodromal stage -Convalescent stage -Resolution stage -Incubation stage Prodromal stage Months after travel outside the country, the client has developed some central nervous system signs/symptoms and usual diagnostics have ruled out Parkinson disease.Which manifestations is associated with prion disease following exposure to uncooked meat while traveling?Select all that apply.-urinary incontinence -ataxia -pins-and-needle sensation in lower feet -numbness along a dermatome route -dementia ataxia, dementia