Chapter 3 Pathophysiology NCLEX-Style Review Questions

Chapter 3 Pathophysiology NCLEX-Style Review Questions Leave the first rating Students also studied Terms in this set (20) Science MedicineNursing Save NURS 223 Exam #1 Cellular Adaptati...30 terms mertz11Preview

NCLEX PATHO QUESTIONS - EXAM ...

28 terms vsneeringerPreview Geriatric Exam 1 NCLEX Practice Qu...146 terms MorKar19Preview 75 Free 75 terms car A client is receiving radiation to the abdominal area as part of cancer treatment. Which assessments findings would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.-Pale skin -Irreversible skin necrosis -Dermatitis (abdomen) -Diarrhea -Extreme pain Diarrhea, Dermatitis (abdomen) An adult client who recently worked in an overseas metal smelter has developed several symptoms that cause the care team to suspect lead poisoning. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse attribute to this problem?Select all that apply.-Dental caries -Elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) -Decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit -Atrial fibrillation -Jaundice Elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit The practitioner examines his client's foot and observes the great toe to be black and dry. The practitioner

explains to the client that the dead tissue is caused by:

-liquefaction necrosis.-gas gangrene.-caseous necrosis.-dry gangrene.dry gangrene.

A client with diabetes who is diagnosed with a gangrenous right heel ulcer presents with a wound that has no line of demarcation, is spreading rapidly, and has a foul odor. The health care worker recognizes these

manifestations as:

-moist gangrene.-internal gangrene.-dry gangrene.-gas gangrene.moist gangrene.The nurse anticipates cellular injury from hypoxia for which cause? Select all that apply.-Gram-negative bacilli infection -Anemia -Lack of atmospheric oxygen -Respiratory disease -Vascular obstruction Respiratory disease, Anemia, Vascular obstruction, Lack of atmospheric oxygen A client is admitted with an electrical burn and a fractured arm. Which cause related to the burn likely is responsible for the fracture?-The client had violent muscle contractions during the electrical injury.-The client most likely fell after the electrical injury.-The client had a predisposing condition.-The client may have fallen into the electrical cord.The client had violent muscle contractions during the electrical injury.A client has developed dystrophic calcification as a result of macroscopic deposition of calcium salts. The tissue

that would be most affected would be:

-dead tissue.-regenerated tissue.-normal tissue.-injured tissue.injured tissue.Select the statement that best describes apoptosis.-Responsible for initiating an inflammatory response -Unregulated by enzymatic digestion of cell components -Highly selective in eliminating injured or aged cells -The release of products of cell death is uncontrolled.Highly selective in eliminating injured or aged cells The radiologist is reviewing potential types of radiation therapy for a client. Select the type of radiation that directly breaks down chemical bonds in a cell.-Non-ionizing radiation -Ionizing radiation -Sunlight radiation -Ultraviolet radiation Ionizing radiation

What information should be included in the teaching plan of care for the parents of a child diagnosed with Tay- Sachs disease?-The disorder involves tissue hyperplasia.-The primary organ affected is the heart.-Symptoms are often noted at birth.-The disorder involves accumulation of abnormal lipids.The disorder involves accumulation of abnormal lipids.A pregnant client reports that she constantly craves tuna sandwiches and eats one every day. The nurse

determines that the client is at greatest risk for:

-developing intolerance to red meat consumption.-high caloric content of the tuna causing an increase in weight gain.-increased mercury levels that may affect fetal development.-low protein values of tuna.increased mercury levels that may affect fetal development.A nurse is caring for a client with a leg wound. When planning care for the client, the nurse considers that the injured cells have impaired flow of substances through

the cell membrane as a result of:

-increased surface receptors.-altered glucose use.-increased fat load.-altered permeability.altered permeability.A client has just learned that his liver has regenerated following partial removal of the liver due to trauma. This regeneration is due to which physiologic principle?-Compensatory hyperplasia -Intracellular hypertrophy -Metaplasia -Exogenous product accumulation Compensatory hyperplasia Which intervention should a nurse stress when teaching clients how to avoid exposure to lead in their environment? Select all that apply.-Adult exposure to the same amounts of lead as young children will have more damage to cells.-Lead can contaminate soil.-Not everyone has a reaction to lead.-Root vegetables can contain more lead than other vegetables.-Avoid flaking paint.Lead can contaminate soil, Avoid flaking paint, Root vegetables can contain more lead than other vegetables.

Which statement is true concerning dysplasia? Select all that apply.-Dysplasia can result from chronic irritation.-Dysplasia is seldom reversible.-Dysplasia is known to frequently exist in the respiratory tract.-Dysplasia results in cell growth that produces a variety of specific tissue cell shapes.-Dysplasia is a strong precursor of cancer.Dysplasia can result from chronic irritation, Dysplasia is known to frequently exist in the respiratory tract, Dysplasia results in cell growth that produces a variety of specific tissue cell shapes, Dysplasia is a strong precursor of cancer.A nurse is caring for four clients. Which client is at greatest risk for high blood levels of lead?-A 30-year-old office worker with asthma -A 2-year-old anemic child who lives in a turn-of-the- century home -A 17-year-old student who takes a woodworking class -A 62-year-old smoker with hypercalcemia A 2-year-old anemic child who lives in a turn-of-the-century home The nurse is caring for a client with compensatory hyperplasia. What is the most likely cause of the hyperplasia?-Skin warts -Pregnancy -Partial hepatectomy -Benign prostate enlargement Partial hepatectomy A client has developed cell atrophy. The most likely cause

would be:

-overuse.-ischemia.-endocrine stimulation.-reinnervation.ischemia.The nurse is caring for a toddler brought into the emergency department for suspected lead toxicity.Which condition or sign is the cardinal indicator of lead toxicity?-Anemia -Nausea and vomiting -Fever -Muscle weakness Anemia A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about the value of including foods containing antioxidants in their diet. Which statement best captures the rationale underlying the nurse's advice?-Antioxidants prevent the occurrence of cell dysplasia.-Antioxidants react nonspecifically with molecules.-Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen species.-Antioxidants prevent the formation of superoxide dismutase.Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen species.