CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE CKD ...

Acute Renal Failure Practice Questions 5.0 (1 review) Students also studied Terms in this set (12) Science MedicineNursing Save

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) ...

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NCLEX-Style Practice Questions: Ac...

13 terms queenabbiePreview Kidney 23 terms trac The nurse is admitting a client diagnosed with acute renal failure (ARF). Which question is most important for the nurse to ask?

• Have you recently traveled outside the US?
• Did you recently begin a vigorous exercise program?
• Is there a chance you have been exposed to a virus?
• What OTC medications do you take regularly?
• What OTC medications do you take regularly?

NSAIDS and some herbal remedies are nephrotoxic The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with ARF. Which lab value is most significant for diagnosing ARF?

• BUN & creatinine
• WBC & hemoglobin
• Potassium & sodium
• Bilirubin and ammonia level
• BUN & creatinine

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with rule-out ARF. Which condition predisposes the client to developing prerenal failure?

• Diabetes mellitus
• Hypotension
• Aminoglycosides
• Benign prostatic hypertrophy
• Hypotension

Prerenal failure - before the kidneys; hypotension indicates decreased blood flow to kidneys The client is diagnosed with ARF. Which s/s indicate to the nurse the client is in recovery period? Select all that apply

• Increased altertness and no seizure activity
• Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit
• Denial of nausea and vomiting
• Decreased urine-specific gravity
• Increased serum creatinine level

1, 2, 3

Renal failure effects almost every system, including neurological. ARF can cause drowsiness, headache, twitching, and seizures.In renal failure, levels of erythropoietin are decreased, leading to anemia.N/V and diarrhea are common in ARF The client diagnosed with ARF has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which collaborative treatment should the nurse anticipate?

• Administer a phosphate binder
• Type and crossmatch for whole blood
• Assess the client for leg cramps
• Prepare the client for dialysis
• Prepare the client for dialysis

This is life threatening and could lead to dysrhthmias. Therefore, the client may be dialyzed to decrease potassium levels quickly The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with ARF. Which statement is an appropriate outcome for the client?

• Monitor I & O every shift
• Decrease of pain by three levels on a scale of 1 - 10
• Electrolytes are within normal limits
• Administer enemas to decrease hyperkalemia
• Electrolytes are within normal limits

Renal failure causes imbalance of electrolytes I & O are an intervention not a client outcome

The client diagnosed with ARF is admitted to the intensive care department and placed on a therapeutic diet. Which diet is most appropriate for the client?

• High potassium, low calcium diet
• A low fat, low cholesterol diet
• High carb and restricted protein diet
• A regular diet with 6 small feedings a day
• A high carb and restricted protein diet

Carbs are needed for caloric intake; protein is restricted to minimize protein breakdown to prevent accumulation of toxic waste products The client with ARF is placed on bedrest. The client asks the nurse, "Why do I have to stay in bed? I don't feel bad." Which scientific rationale support's the nurse's response?

• Bedrest helps increase the blood return to the renal

circulation

• Bedrest reduces the metabolic rate during the acute

stage

• Bedrest decreases the workload of hte left side of the

heart

• Bedrest aids in reduction of peripheral and sacral

edema

• Bedrest reduces the metabolic rate during the acute stage

The nurse and a UAP are caring for clients on a medical floor. Which nursing task is most appropriate for the nurse to delegate?

• Collect a clean voided midstream urine specimen
• Evaluate the client's 8-hour intake and output
• Assist in checking a unit of blood prior to hanging
• Administer a cation-exchange resin enema
• Collect a clean voided midstream urine specimen

The UAP can collect specimens The client is admitted to the emergency department after a gunshot wound to the abdomen. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement first to prevent ARF?

• Administer normal saline IV
• Take vital signs
• Place on telemetry
• Assess abdominal dressing
• Administer normal saline IV

Preventing and treating shock with blood and fluid replacement will prevent ARF from hypoperfusion of the kidneys, as significant blood loss is expected with a gunshot wound

The UAP tells the nurse the client with ARF has a white crystal-like layer on top of the skin. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

• Have the assistant apply a moisture barrier cream to the

skin.

• Instruct the UAP to bathe the client in cool water.
• Tell the UAP not to turn the client in this condition.
• Explain this is normal and do not do anything for the

client.

• Instruct the UAP to bathe the client in cool water.

These are from irritating toxins; cool water will promote comfort and decrease the itching from uremic frost.The client diagnosed with ARF is experiencing hyperkalemia. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer to help decrease the potassium level?

• Erythropoietin
• Calcium gluconate
• Regular insulin
• Osmotic diuretic
• Regular insulin

Insulin, along with glucose, will drive potassium into the sells and decrease serum potassium levels temporarily