Diabetes Mellitus NCLEX Practice Quiz 4

Diabetes Mellitus NCLEX Practice | Quiz #4 Neisha_PoohTop creator on Quizlet Save

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20 terms JLT84Preview Progressive Care RN A 65 terms mbkupecPreview cvrn study questions 53 terms diana_fullerPreview Endocr 106 term bria The goal of preprandial blood glucose for those with type 1 diabetes mellitus is:

• <80 mg/dl
• <130 mg/dl
• <180 mg/dl
• >8%
• <130 mg/dl

The guidelines for carbohydrate counting as medical nutrition therapy for diabetes mellitus includes all of the following, except:

• Flexibility in types and amounts of foods consumed
• Unlimited intake of total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol
• Including adequate servings of fruits, vegetables, and the dairy group
• Applicable to with either Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• Unlimited intake of total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol

The nurse working in the physician's office is reviewing lab results on the clients seen that day. One of the clients who has classic diabetic symptoms had an eight-hour fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test done. The nurse realizes that diagnostic criteria developed by the American Diabetes Association for diabetes include classic diabetic symptoms plus which of the following fasting plasma glucose levels?

• Higher than 106 mg/dl
• Higher than 126 mg/dl
• Higher than 140 mg/dl
• Higher than 160 mg/dl
• Higher than 126 mg/dl

When taking a health history, the nurse screens for manifestations suggestive of diabetes type 1. Which of the following manifestations are considered the primary manifestations of type 1 diabetes mellitus and would be most suggestive and require follow-up investigation?

• Excessive intake of calories, rapid weight gain, and difficulty losing weight

B. An increase in three areas: thirst, intake of fluids, and hunger

• Poor circulation, wound healing, and leg ulcers
• Lack of energy, weight gain, and depression

B. An increase in three areas: thirst, intake of fluids, and hunger

The nurse is working with an overweight client who has a high-stress job and smokes. This client has just received a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and has just been started on an oral hypoglycemic agent. Which of the following goals for the client which if met, would be most likely to lead to an improvement in insulin efficiency to the point the client would no longer require oral hypoglycemic agents?

• Comply with medication regimen 100% for 6 months
• Quit the use of any tobacco products by the end of three months
• Lose a pound a week until the weight is within the normal range for height and exercise 30 minutes daily
• Practice relaxation techniques for at least five minutes five times a day for at least five months
• Lose a pound a week until the weight is within the normal range for height and exercise 30 minutes daily

During a visit to a community, the nurse will recommend routine screening for diabetes when the person has one or more of seven risk criteria.Which of the following persons that the nurse comes in contact with most needs to be screened for diabetes based on the seven risk criteria?

• A client with an HDL cholesterol level of 40 mg/dl and a triglyceride level of 300 mg/dl
• A woman who is at 90% of standard body weight after delivering an eight-pound baby
• A middle-aged Caucasian male
• An older client who is hypotensive
• A client with an HDL cholesterol level of 40 mg/dl and a triglyceride level of 300 mg/dl

A client was brought to the emergency room with complaints of slurring of speech, vomiting, dry mucosa, and dry skin turgor. Lab tests showing serum sodium 125 mEq/L and serum blood glucose of 350 mg/dL. Nurse Sophie will anticipate the physician to initially order which of the following intravenous solutions?

• 10% dextrose in water (D10W)
• 0.9% normal saline solution
• 5% dextrose in water (D5W)
• 0.45% normal saline solution
• 0.9% normal saline solution

You are doing some teaching with a client who is starting on a sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent. The client mentions that he usually has a couple of beers each night and takes an aspirin each day to prevent heart attacks and/or strokes. Which of the following responses would be best on the part of the nurse?

• As long as you only drink two beers and take one aspirin, this should not be a problem
• The aspirin is alright but you need to give up drinking any alcoholic beverages
• Taking alcohol and/or aspirin with a sulfonylurea drug can cause the development of hypoglycemia
• Aspirin and alcohol will cause the stomach to bleed more when on a sulfonylurea drug
• Taking alcohol and/or aspirin with a sulfonylurea drug can cause the development of hypoglycemia

Which of the following, if stated by the nurse, is correct about Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)?

• "This syndrome occurs mainly in people with type 1 diabetes."
• "It has a higher mortality rate than diabetic ketoacidosis."
• "The client with HHNS is in a state of overhydration."
• "This condition develops very rapidly."
• "It has a higher mortality rate than diabetic ketoacidosis."

Nurse Robedee is teaching an underweight and emaciated client about the proper methods/techniques when giving insulin. Which one of the following shows a proper technique?

• Pinch the skin up and use a 90-degree angle
• Use a 45-degree angle with the skin pinched up
• Massage the area of injection after injecting the insulin
• Warm the skin with a warm towel or washcloth prior to the injection
• Pinch the skin up and use a 90-degree angle

Nurse Pira is explaining to the client about type 2 diabetes mellitus. Risk factors of such condition include all of the following, except:

• Advanced age
• Physical inactivity
• Obesity
• Smoking
• Smoking

Blood sugar is well controlled when Hemoglobin A1C is:

• Below 5.7%
• Between 12%-15%
• Less than 180 mg/dL
• Between 90 and 130 mg/dL
• Below 5.7%

Which of the following diabetes drugs acts by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver?

• Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
• Biguanides
• Meglitinides
• Sulfonylureas
• Biguanides

A 39-year-old company driver presents with shakiness, sweating, anxiety, and palpitations and tells the nurse he has type 1 diabetes mellitus.Which of the following actions should the nurse do first?

• Inject 1 mg of glucagon subcutaneously
• Administer 50 mL of 50% glucose I.V
• Give 4 to 6 oz (118 to 177 mL) of orange juice
• Give the client four to six glucose tablets
• Give 4 to 6 oz (118 to 177 mL) of orange juice

Which insulin can be administered through continuous intravenous infusion?

• insulin glargine (Lantus)
• insulin aspart (Novolog)
• insulin detemir (Levemir)
• insulin Afrezza
• regular insulin (Novolin R)
• regular insulin (Novolin R)

A medication nurse is about to give insulin to a patient with diabetes mellitus. Upon reviewing the medications of the patient, which of the following would cause a further decrease in the blood glucose level of the patient?

• hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)
• levothyroxine (Synthroid)
• carvedilol (Coreg)
• hydrocortisone (SoluCortef)
• carvedilol (Coreg)

Tony is a night shift nurse who is assigned to a patient whose glucose levels remain normal at bedtime but experiences hypoglycemia at 3 am and hyperglycemia at 7 am. The patient is likely experiencing what kind of complication of insulin therapy?

• Insulin resistance
• Dawn phenomenon
• Insulin lipohypertrophy
• Somogyi phenomenon
• Somogyi phenomenon

A nurse is caring for a client admitted with diabetic retinopathy. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note on the assessment of this

client:

• Blurred or distorted vision
• Flashes of lights or floaters
• Sudden loss of vision
• All of the above
• All of the above