Digestion NCLEX Questions

Digestion NCLEX Questions 4.3 (8 reviews) Students also studied Terms in this set (45) Suny College of Technology at DelhiNURS 110 Save Med Surg Gastrointestinal NCLEX Q...86 terms Jasmine_Lawson4 Preview Gastrointestinal Disorders NCLEX q...17 terms Shannon_Bolton9 Preview Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing N...50 terms schwabaccaPreview GERD & 19 terms saly Which of the following is an enzyme secreted by the gastric mucosa?

a) Pepsin

b) Trypsin

c) Bile

d) Ptyalin

Pepsin Explanation: Pepsin is secreted by the gastric mucosa. Trypsin is secreted by the pancreas. The salivary glands secrete ptyalin. The liver and gallbladder secrete bile.When assisting with preparing a client scheduled for a barium swallow, which of the following would be appropriate to include?

a) Take three cleansing enemas before the procedure.

b) Take vitamin K before the procedure.

c) Avoid the intake of red meat before the procedure.

d) Avoid smoking for at least a day before the procedure.

Avoid smoking for at least a day before the procedure.Explanation: The nurse should instruct the client to avoid smoking for at least a day before the procedure of barium swallow because smoking stimulates gastric motility. The client is advised to take vitamin K before a liver biopsy and instructed to take three cleansing enemas before a barium enema. Instruction to avoid red meat would be appropriate for a client who is having a Hemoccult test.Which of the following is the primary function of the small intestine?

a) Secretion

b) Peristalsis

c) Absorption

d) Digestion

Absorption Explanation: Absorption is the primary function of the small intestine. Digestion occurs in the stomach. Peristalsis occurs in the colon. The duodenum secretes enzymes.

A 24-year-old athlete is admitted to the trauma unit following a motor-vehicle collision. The client is comatose and has developed ascites as a result of the accident. You are explaining the client's condition to his parents. In your education, what do you indicate is the primary function of the small intestine?

a) Digest fats

b) Digest proteins

c) Absorb water

d) Absorb nutrients

Absorb nutrients Explanation: The primary function of the small intestine is to absorb nutrients from the chyme.A home care nurse is caring for a client with complaints of epigastric discomfort who is scheduled for a barium swallow. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the test?

• "I'll avoid eating or drinking anything 6 to 8 hours

before the test."

• "I'll drink full liquids the day before the test."
• "I'll take a laxative to clear my bowels before the test."
• "There is no need for special preparation before the

test." "I'll avoid eating or drinking anything 6 to 8 hours before the test."

Explanation: The client demonstrates understanding of a barium swallow when he

states that he must refrain from eating or drinking for 6 to 8 hours before the test.No other preparation is needed. Before a lower GI series, the client should eat a low-residue or clear liquid diet for 2 days and take a potent laxative and an oral liquid preparation.A nurse is providing postprocedure instructions for a client who had an esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The nurse should perform which action?

a) Tell the client there aren't specific instructions for after

the procedure.

b) Tell the client to call back in the morning so she can

give him instructions over the phone.

c) Give instructions to the client immediately before

discharge.

d) Review the instructions with the person accompanying

the client home.Review the instructions with the person accompanying the client home.

Explanation: A client who undergoes esophagogastroduodenoscopy receives

sedation during the procedure, and his memory becomes impaired. Clients tend not to remember instructions provided after the procedure. The nurse's best course of action is to give the instructions to the person who is accompanying the client home. It isn't appropriate for the nurse to tell the client to call back in the morning for instructions. The client needs to be aware at discharge of potential complications and signs and symptoms to report to the physician.The nurse is assessing a client following laparoscopy. The client states that his stomach looks bloated and asks if this is normal. How will the nurse respond?

• "I am not sure about this. Let me get another nurse."
• "Yes, your abdomen may appear larger as a result of

the injection of carbon dioxide for visualization."

• "Do you need to use the restroom? You may have to

have a bowel movement."

• "No, this should not occur. I will call the physician right

away." "Yes, your abdomen may appear larger as a result of the injection of carbon dioxide for visualization."

Explanation: During a laparoscopic procedure, a pneumoperitoneum is used to

inject carbon dioxide into the peritoneal cavity to separate the intestines from the pelvic organs. Gas (carbon dioxide) is insufflated into the peritoneal cavity to create a working space for visualization.

A client is to have an upper GI procedure with barium ingestion and abdominal ultrasonography. While scheduling these diagnostic tests, the nurse must consider which factor?

a) The ultrasonography should be scheduled before the

GI procedure.

b) The upper GI should be scheduled before the

ultrasonography.

c) The client may eat a light meal before either test.

d) Both tests need to be done before breakfast.

The ultrasonography should be scheduled before the GI procedure.

Explanation: Both an upper GI procedure with barium ingestion and an

ultrasonography may be completed on the same day. The ultrasonography test should be completed first, because the barium solution could interfere with the transmission of the sound waves. The ultrasonography test uses sound waves that are passed into internal body structures, and the echoes are recorded as they strike tissues. Fluid in the abdomen prevents transmission of ultrasound.Which of the following would be most important to ensure that a client does not retain any barium after a barium swallow?

a) Observing the color of urine.

b) Placing any stool passed in a specific preservative.

c) Monitoring the stool passage and its color.

d) Monitoring the volume of urine.

Monitoring the stool passage and its color.

Explanation: Monitoring stool passage and its color will ensure that the client

remains barium free following a barium swallow test. The white or clay color of the stool would indicate barium retention. The stool should be placed in a special preservative if the client undergoes a stool analysis. Observing the color and volume of urine will not ensure that the client is barium free because barium is not eliminated through urine but through stool.A nursing instructor tells the class that review of oral hygiene is an important component during assessment of the gastrointestinal system. One of the students questions this statement. Which of the following explanations from the nurse educator is most appropriate?

• "Bad breath will encourage ingestion of fatty foods to

mask odor."

• "Injury to oral mucosa or tooth decay can lead to

difficulty in chewing food."

• "Decaying teeth secrete toxins that decrease the

absorption of nutrients."

• "Mouth sores are caused by bacteria that can thin the

villi of the small intestine." Injury to oral mucosa or tooth decay can lead to difficulty in chewing food."

Explanation: Poor oral hygiene can result in injury to the oral mucosa, lip, or

palate; tooth decay; or loss of teeth. Such problems may lead to disruption in the digestive system. The ability to chew food or even swallow may be hindered.One or two bowel sounds in 2 minutes would be documented as which of the following?

a) Hypoactive

b) Hyperactive

c) Normal

d) Absent

Hypoactive

Explanation: Hypoactive bowel sound is the description given to auscultation of

one to two bowel sounds in 2 minutes. Normal bowel sounds are heard every 5 to 20 seconds. Hyperactive bowel sounds occur when 5 or 6 sounds are heard in less than 30 seconds. The nurse records that bowel sounds are absent when no sound is heard in 3 to 5 minutes.A nurse assesses the abdomen of a newly admitted client.Which finding would necessitate further investigation?

a) Flat appearance below the umbilicus

b) Asymmetrical upper quadrants

c) Striae of lateral abdomen

d) Rounded contour

Asymmetrical upper quadrants Explanation: The client lies supine with knees flexed for the abdominal assessment.Upon inspection the nurse notes any skin changes, nodules, lesions, inflammation, or striae. Lesions are of particular importance and require further investigation, as do irregular contours or asymmetry of the abdomen.

The hydrogen breath test was developed to evaluate which type of absorption?

a) Protein

b) Vitamin B12

c) Carbohydrate

d) Fat

Carbohydrate

Explanation: The hydrogen breath test that is used to evaluate carbohydrate

absorption is performed if carbohydrate malabsorption is suspected. The hydrogen test does not evaluate fat, protein, or vitamin B12 absorption.Gastrin has which of the following effects on gastrointestinal (GI) motility?

a) Relaxation of the colon

b) Contraction of the ileocecal sphincter

c) Increased motility of the stomach

d) Relaxation of gastroesophageal sphincter

Increased motility of the stomach Explanation: Gastrin has the following effects on GI motility: increased motility of the stomach, excitation of the colon, relaxation of ileocecal sphincter, and contraction of the gastroesophageal sphincter.Which of the following should be included as part of the preprocedure teaching for a patient scheduled for a proctosigmoidoscopy involving the lower GI structures?

a) Consume at least three quarts of water 30 minutes

before the test

b) Follow the dietary and fluid restrictions and bowel

preparation procedures

c) Spray or gargle with a local anesthetic

d) Do not void for at least 30 minutes before the test

Follow the dietary and fluid restrictions and bowel preparation procedures Explanation: For a patient due to undergo a proctosigmoidoscopy, it is essential that the patient follows the dietary and fluid restrictions and bowel preparation procedures if the examination involves the lower GI structures. For the patient undergoing an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), it is necessary for the patient to spray or gargle with a local anesthetic. The patient is not advised to consume three quarts of water and is not advised to void before the test. These interventions may be essential for tests that involve ultrasonographic procedures.Which of the following sequence should be used to assess the abdomen?

a) Palpation, inspection, percussion, auscultation

b) Auscultation, inspection, percussion, palpation

c) Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation

d) Percussion, auscultation, palpation, inspection

Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation

Explanation: Assessment begins with an overall visual inspection of the abdomen

followed by auscultation, which always precedes percussion and palpation since manipulation of the abdomen may alter the frequency and intensity of bowel sounds. Inspection allows the nurse to visualize the skin, umbilicus, contour, and symmetry of abdomen and any movement or pulsations.Upon review of a client's chart, the nurse notes the client has been receiving antiemetics every 6 to 8 hours. What in this client's history may necessitate such frequency?

a) Pituitary tumor

b) Adrenal gland removal 3 days ago

c) Treatment for cancer

d) Multiple leg fractures

Treatment for cancer

Explanation: Antiemetics are used to treat nausea and vomiting. Common causes

of nausea and vomiting include visceral afferent stimulation, peritoneal irritation, infections, radiation or chemotherapy therapy, increased intracranial pressure, and vestibular disorders. Irritation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone from cancer treatment can induce nausea and lead to vomiting.One or two bowel sounds in 2 minutes would be documented as which of the following?

a) Hyperactive

b) Absent

c) Normal

d) Hypoactive

Hypoactive Explanation: Hypoactive bowel sounds is the description given to auscultation of 1 to 2 bowel sounds in 2 minutes. Normal bowel sounds are heard every 5 to 20 seconds. Hyperactive bowel sounds occur when 5 or 6 sounds are heard in less than 30 seconds. The nurse records that bowel sounds are absent when no sound is heard in 3 to 5 minutes.