EXAM 3: Chapter 32: Anti-diabetic Drugs NCLEX

EXAM 3: Chapter 32: Anti-diabetic Drugs + NCLEX ScienceMedicine heatherjc1 Save Diabetes Questions mostly on diabe...104 terms audrey_smith79 Preview Diabetes Mellitus NCLEX Style Ques...Teacher 36 terms ssandholmPreview Antidiabetic Drugs NCLEX Question...14 terms branj_Preview Practic 22 terms Nat 1. Which is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of action of less than 15 minutes?

• Insulin glargine (Lantus)
• Insulin aspart (NovoLog)
• Insulin detemir (Levemir)
• Regular insulin (Humulin R)

B

• Which long-acting insulin mimics natural, basal insulin with no peak action and a duration of 24 hours?
• Insulin glargine (Lantus)
• Insulin glulisine (Apidra)
• Regular insulin (Humulin R)
• Insulin isophane suspension (NPH)

A

• Which insulin can be administered by continuous intravenous (IV) infusion?
• Insulin glargine (Lantus)
• Insulin aspart (Novolog)
• Insulin detemir (Levemir)
• Regular insulin (Humulin R)

D

• Assuming the patient eats breakfast at 8:30 AM, lunch at noon, and dinner at 6:00 PM, he or she is at highest risk of hypoglycemia after an 8:00

AM dose of NPH insulin at what time?

A. 10:00 AM

B. 2:00 PM

C. 5:00 PM

D. 8:00 PM

C

• The nurse is preparing a patient for a computed tomography scan using iodine contrast media. Which medication should the nurse question if

prescribed one day before the scheduled procedure?

• Acarbose (Precose)
• Pioglitazone (Actos)
• Repaglinide (Prandin)
• Metformin (Glucophage)

D

• Which oral hypoglycemic drug has a quick onset and short duration of action, enabling the patient to take the medication 30 minutes before

eating and skip the dose if he or she does not eat?

• Acarbose (Precose)
• Metformin (Glucophage)
• Repaglinide (Prandin)
• Pioglitazone (Actos)

C

• Pramlintide (Symlin) is prescribed as a supplemental drug therapy to the treatment plan for a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus. What

information should the nurse include when teaching the patient about the action of this medication?

• Pramlintide slows gastric emptying.
• Pramlintide increases glucagon excretion.
• Pramlintide stimulates glucose production.
• Pramlintide corrects insulin receptor sensitivity.

A

• The patient is prescribed 30 units of regular insulin and 70 units of insulin isophane suspension (NPH insulin) subcutaneously every morning.

The nurse should provide which instruction to the patient for insulin administration?

• "Inject the needle at a 30-degree angle."
• "Rotate sites at least once or twice a week."
• "Use a 23- to 25-gauge syringe with a 1-inch needle to increase insulin absorption."
• "Draw up the regular insulin into the syringe first, followed by the cloudy NPH insulin."

D

• When teaching a patient about insulin glargine (Lantus), which statement by the nurse about this drug is correct?
• "You can mix this insulin with NPH insulin to enhance its effects on glucose metabolism."
• "You cannot mix this insulin with regular insulin and thus will have to take two injections."
• "It is often combined with regular insulin to decrease the number of insulin injections per day."
• "The duration of action for this insulin is 8 to10 hours, so you will need to take it twice a day."

B

• The nurse is providing education to a patient for the prescription glipizide (Glucotrol). The nurse explains this medication is more effective

when administered at which time?

• At bedtime
• In the morning
• 15 minutes postprandial
• 30 minutes before a meal

D

• The nurse will instruct the patient to treat hypoglycemia with which drug?
• Acarbose (Precose)
• Propranolol (Inderal)
• Glucagon (GlucaGen)
• Bumetanide (Bumex)

C

• When caring for a pregnant patient with gestational diabetes, the nurse should question a prescription for which drug?
• Insulin glargine (Lantus)
• Glipizide (Glucotrol)
• Insulin glulisine (Apidra)
• NPH insulin

B

• Which information should the nurse include in a teaching plan for patients taking oral hypoglycemic drugs? (Select all that apply.)
• Take your medication only as needed.
• Report symptoms of anorexia and fatigue.
• Explain dietary changes are not necessary.
• Advise to avoid smoking and alcohol consumption.
• Instruct that it is okay to skip breakfast 1 to 2 times per week.

B, D

• Which actions describe the beneficial effects produced by sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemics? (Select all that apply.)
• Stimulate insulin secretion from beta cells
• Increase hepatic glucose production
• Enhance action of insulin in various tissues
• Inhibit breakdown of insulin by liver

A, C, D

15. Signs and symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus:

• Elevated fasting blood glucose (higher than

126 mg/dL)

• Polyuria (frequent urination)
• Polydipsia (thirsty)
• Polyphagia (excessive hunger)
• Glycosuria (excess sugar in urine)
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fatigue
• Hyperglycemia
• All of the above

I

16. Caused by lack of insulin production or production of defective insulin:

• Type 1 Diabetes
• Type 2 Diabetes
• Gestational Diabetes

A

17. Affected patients need exogenous insulin, as the main course of treatment:

• Type 1 Diabetes
• Type 2 Diabetes
• Gestational Diabetes

A

18. Fewer than 10% of all diabetes cases:

• Type 1 Diabetes
• Type 2 Diabetes
• Gestational Diabetes

A