Final NCLEX practice questions fluidselectrolytes, pre-oppost-op,

Final NCLEX practice questions (fluids/electrolytes, pre-op/post-op, respiratory) asprague3 Save

Chapter 22: Surgery and Nutrition S...

30 terms Henrylydia14Preview Perioperative #1 50 terms pate_alexandra Preview

Med-Surg: Cardiovascular Review Q...

575 terms purulent_drainage Preview Nursing 62 terms kris The nurse caring for a patient with metabolic acidosis would expect the patient to exhibit which symptom?Lethargy When a patient receives a hypotonic solution intravenously (IV), what happens to the patient's cells?The cells begin to swell as water enters the intracellular compartment.A patient has ingested a large amount of a cathartic containing magnesium. The nurse should observe for which symptom of hypermagnesemia?Muscle weakness The patient has been prescribed a non-potassium-sparing diuretic. Which food(s) should the nurse suggest the patient include in his diet?(select all that apply) Bananas Tomatoes Baked potato with skin The student nurse reviews the records of a patient with pneumonia and finds that the patient has a blood pH of 7.46. The student is correct in determining that this pH is considered __.slightly alkaline The health care provider has prescribed an isotonic IV solution administration for a patient. The nursing student correctly identifies which solutions as being isotonic?

0.9% normal saline, lactated Ringer's solution

To understand what type of fluid a patient needs, the LPN/LVN should understand that the term semipermeable membrane indicates that: the membrane allows some particles to pass through and prohibits the passage of others.An 82-year-old patient is admitted to the unit with a temperature of 100.2° F, urine specific gravity (SG) of 1.032, and dry tongue. The nurse should recognize which to be the most critical aspect of the plan of care?IV solution The nurse is caring for a patient with pitting edema to the lower extremities. Which intervention(s) for pitting edema are the nurse likely to include in the nursing care plan of this patient? (select all that apply) Daily weight Intake and output record Edema assessment using an edema scale every shift The nurse is assessing a patient who was admitted for dehydration. Which assessment finding is an indication that the dehydration is resolving?Moist mucous membranes The nursing student is scheduled to observe a surgery. The student identifies which action as belonging to the role of the circulating nurse?Coordinating care and overseeing the environment The patient tells the nurse that he is an active Jehovah's Witness. The nurse is aware that the patient's spiritual beliefs may prohibit him from which action?Receiving blood transfusions The patient asks why he had to shower with a special antibacterial cleanser the night before his surgery. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?"Showering with an antimicrobial will reduce the number of microorganisms on the skin." A patient who is scheduled for surgery the following morning awakens at 11:15 P.M., after receiving a sedative for sleep at 9:00 P.M., and cannot get back to sleep. Which nursing action is most appropriate?Give him a back rub, listen to his concerns for a while, and then suggest that he try to sleep.Which surgical procedures are considered major surgery? (select all that apply) Mastectomy Kidney transplant Total knee replacement

The LPN/LVN is preparing a 50-year-old woman for surgery. The nurse plans to prepare the patient to have which test(s)? (select all that apply) Chest x-ray Blood glucose Electrocardiogram Blood type and crossmatch While the nurse is obtaining a patient's admission history on the morning of her laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the patient tells the nurse that she has smoked one pack of cigarettes per day for 20 years. Why is the nurse concerned with this patient's surgical risk?The patient is more likely to develop pneumonia after surgery.The nurse is performing a preoperative assessment on a 78-year-old patient. What should the nurse keep in mind regarding surgery with an older adult patient?Decreased cardiac output is more common in the older adult.The nurse is assisting with data collection for a patient who is scheduled to have a hysterectomy today. Which finding warrants immediate notification of the health provider?Today, the patient's hemoglobin level is 9.8 g/dL.The nurse is preparing to administer preoperative medication to an older adult patient. What should the nurse keep in mind?A reduced dose of narcotic is often necessary for the older adult patient.The nurse is performing a postoperative assessment of an older adult patient who has had a total hip replacement. Although he has not requested medication for pain, the nurse suspects the patient's discomfort is severe and prepares to administer pain medication. Which sign(s) support(s) the nurse's assessment of acute postoperative pain? (select all that apply) Shallow breathing Increased heart rate Increased blood pressure (BP) What is the best nursing intervention if a patient complains of chest pain after surgery?Assessing for signs of either pulmonary or cardiac complications The nurse teaches the patient the importance of splinting while coughing to help prevent dehiscence and evisceration. He explains that which patients are most at risk? (select all that apply) Patients who are obese Patients who have diabetes Patients who are malnourished Patients who are dehydrated A patient underwent an appendectomy 48 hours ago. On receiving shift-to-shift report on this patient, the nurse realizes that the urine output from his indwelling catheter is 500 mL total for the past 10 hours. What is the correct nursing intervention in response to this finding?No intervention is required; the output is within normal limits.

After a patient has had a surgical procedure in the day surgery center, the LPN/LVN prepares the patient for discharge. Which action is essential?Finding out whether the patient understands his discharge instructions The nurse is performing postoperative assessments on her assigned patients. Which sign or symptom would alert the nurse to the possible development of a paralytic ileus?Abdominal pain This is the second time the patient, who had surgery yesterday, will be permitted to get out of bed. What is the best nursing action?Remain with the patient and assist him.The surgeon has put a drain with a Jackson-Pratt suction device into the patient's wound. What action is the priority in the care of the patient with this drain?Keep the suction bulb compressed.In the immediate postoperative period (first 24 hours), how often should the patient's surgical dressing be inspected?Every time vital signs are taken The nurse is assigned to a 32-year-old patient who has had a radical mastectomy. The patient expresses concern about her husband's reaction to the surgery. Which nursing intervention should be implemented at this time?Encouraging her to share her feelings and fears with her husband What structure allows for gas exchange with the pulmonary capillaries during respiration?Alveoli A patient is to have a bronchoscopy. The LPN/LVN should expect which finding in the postprocedure period?Blood-tinged sputum It is appropriate to teach patients to obtain sufficient rest to help decrease the frequency with which they contract upper respiratory infections.How does rest help prevent respiratory infections?Rest assists in keeping the immune system healthy.The school nurse is teaching a group of high school students about maintaining a healthy respiratory system. Which risk factor(s) for respiratory disease should the nurse include? (select all that apply) Tobacco use Chronic renal disease Group living conditions Compromised immune response