Fluid Electrolyte Imbalances Questions

Fluid & Electrolyte Imbalances Questions nyah95 Save

Chapter 11: ... Fluid and Electrolyte I...

44 terms Timwms713Preview Fluid and Electrolytes NCLEX Quest...33 terms Alex_Hassiepen Preview Fluid & Electrolyte NCLEX Practice ...145 terms ngreen14Preview Med Su 10 terms kwa a. Increased, bounding pulse

• Jugular venous distention
• Presence of crackles
• Elevated blood pressure
• Skin pale and cool to touch

The nurse is assessing the patient at risk for fluid volume excess. Which findings indicate that the patient has fluid volume excess? (Select all that apply)

• Increased, bounding pulse
• Jugular venous distention
• Diminished peripheral pulses
• Presence of crackles
• Excessive thirst
• Elevated blood pressure
• Orthostatic hypotension
• Skin pale and cool to touch
• Game with four players on one side and eight on the other; two move over to create six per side.

Which analogy best approximates the principles of diffusion and concentration gradient?

• Game with four players on one side and eight on the other; two move over to create six per side
• Community fun run where 2000 participants move across the line in a mass start.
• Basketball game of five players per side; all players move across the court.
• Concert where 1000 people are trying to enter through a single gate.

• Thirst

The patient's blood osmolality is 302 mOsm/L. What manifestation does the nurse expect to see in the patient?

• Increased urine output
• Thirst
• Peripheral edema
• Nausea
• Weigh self each day on the same scale.

The patient is at risk for fluid volume excess. For self-management at home, what does the nurse teach the patient to do?

• Increase diuretic dose if swelling occurs.
• Limit the amount of free water in relation to sodium intake.
• Monitor his or her skin turgor.
• Weigh self each day on the same scale.
• Mental status change

The older adult patient at risk for fluid and electrolyte problems is vigilantly monitored by the nurse for the first indication of a fluid balance problem. What is this indication?

• Fever
• Mental status change
• Poor skin turgor
• Dry mucous membranes
• Frequent overseas flyer

Which person is most likely to have symptoms related to poor lymph circulation?

• Person with carpal tunnel syndrome
• Marathon runner
• Person with a history of myocardial infarction
• Frequent overseas flyer
• Obese 68-year-old woman

Based on the factors of age, gender, and body type, which patient has the smallest percentage of total body water?

• Thin 78-year-old adult man
• Obese 35-year-old man
• Thin 25-year-old woman
• Obese 68-year-old woman
• 1500 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 800 mL of fluid from food.

Which intake-output record represents the norm for the average adult?

• 500 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 200 mL of fluid from food.
• 1500 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 800 mL of fluid from food.
• 3000 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 500 mL of fluid from food.
• 5000 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 100 mL of fluid from food.

• Lethal electrolyte imbalance and acidosis

What is the consequence and clinical manifestation for the patient who does not meet the obligatory urine output?

• Increased salivation and alkalosis
• Increased thirst with dry mucous membranes
• Lethal electrolyte imbalance and acidosis
• Bradycardia and decreased nitrogen level.
• 400 to 600 mL

What is the minimum amount of urine per day needed to excrete toxic waste products?

• 200 to 300 mL
• 400 to 600 mL
• 500 to 1000 mL
• 1000 to 1500 mL
• Patient who loses a lot of fluid and sodium

Which patient in the medical surgical unit is most likely to have increased aldosterone secretion?

• Patient who has excessive salt ingestion
• Patient who drinks a lot of water
• Patient who loses a lot of fluid and sodium
• Patient who loses potassium and water
• Fever of 103 degrees F
• Extensive burns
• Thyroid crisis
• Continuous fistula drainage
• Diabetes insipidus

The patients with which conditions are at great risk for deficient fluid volume? (Select all that apply)

• Fever of 103 degrees F
• Extensive burns
• Thyroid crisis
• Water intoxication
• Continuous fistula drainage
• Diabetes insipidus
• Offer patients a choice of fluids every 1 to 2 hours

The nurse is working in a long-term care facility where there are numerous patients who are immobile and at risk for dehydration. Which task is best to delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

• Offer patients a choice of fluids every 1 to 2 hours.
• Check patients at the beginning of the shift to see who is thirsty.
• Give patients extra fluids around medication times.
• Evaluate oral intake and urinary output.

• bottled water

The nurse is assisting a community group to plan a family sports day. In order to prevent dehydration, what beverage does the nurse suggest be supplied?

• Iced tea
• Light beer
• Diet soda
• Bottled water
• 2

The nurse is assessing the weight of the patient with chronic renal failure. The patient shows a 2 kg weight gain since the last clinic appointment.This is equivalent to how many liters of fluid?

• 0.5
• 1
• 2
• 3
• Tachycardia with weak peripheral pulses

The nurse is evaluating the hydration status of the older adult patient. If the patient is dehydrated, the nurse expects to observe which type of cardiovascular change?

• Hypertension with bounding peripheral pulses
• Tachycardia with weak peripheral pulses
• Bradycardia and distended neck veins
• Increase in pulse pressure and systolic pressure
• Increased respiratory rate, because the body perceives hypovolemia as hypoxia.

The nurse is caring for the patient with hypovolemia secondary to severe diarrhea and vomiting. In evaluating the respiratory system for this patient, what does the nurse expect to assess?

• No changes, because the respiratory system is not involved.
• Hypoventilation, because the respiratory system is trying to compensate for low pH
• Increased respiratory rate, because the body perceives hypovolemia as hypoxia
• Normal respiratory rate, but a decreased oxygen saturation
• Pinch the skin over the sternum and observe for tenting and resumption of skin to its normal position after release.

The nurse is assessing skin turgor in the 65-year-old patient. What is the correct technique to use with this patient?

• Pinch the skin over the sternum and observe for tenting and resumption of skin to its normal position after release.
• Observe the skin for a dry, scaly appearance and compare it to a previous assessment.
• Pinch the skin over the back of the hand and observe for tenting; count the number of seconds for the skin to recover position.
• Observe the mucous membranes and tongue for cracks, fissures, or a pasty coating.
• Hemoconcentration

The emergency department (ED) nurse is caring for the patient who was brought in for significant alcohol intoxication and minor trauma to the wrist. What will serial hematocrits for this patient likely show?

• Hemoconcentration
• Normal and stable hematocrits
• Progressively lower hematocrits
• Decreasing osmolality