GPSTC SEARCH AND SEIZURE NEWEST ACTUAL

GPSTC SEARCH AND SEIZURE NEWEST ACTUAL /

WITH QUESTIONS AND VALIDATED SOLUTIONS.

anonymous tipster - ----Answers----Identity unknown to L.E.

• No presumption of reliability • Can establish reliability with: A

prediction of future behavior Information that would only be known to a person intimately familiar with the suspect and alleged criminal activity Corroboration with information obtained from other sources

Aguilar-Spinelli Test - ----Answers----(1) Was the informant credible—was it likely that he or she was telling the truth?(Veracity/Relability) - (2) Was the informant reliable—was it likely that the informant had knowledge? (Basis of Knowledge)

totality of circumstances test - ----Answers----flexible test established by the Supreme Court for identifying whether probable cause exists to justify the issuance of a warrant

Illinois v. Gates - ----Answers----U.S. Supreme Court decision that established the flexible totality of circumstances test for determining the existence of the probable cause needed for obtaining a search warrant

independent investigation - ----Answers----Surveillance and research conducted by law enforcement officers intended to corroborate source intelligence and determine ownership or occupancy for property or a premises.

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surveillance to assist in probable cause development - ---- Answers----The use of video surveillance or personal observations of a suspect or target location can be used to confirm reports by sources of information or to assist in establishing probable cause when no source is involved.

suspect criminal history and similar transactions to show a pattern of ongoing criminal behavior - ----Answers----The criminal histories of persons suspected as co-conspirators or customers demonstrate possible criminal associations of the primary suspects with other offenders. • Suspects believed to be co-conspirators of the suspects targeted by the warrant should be identified to the greatest extent possible and included as persons to be searched (if PC exists)

When a suspect is a repeat offender, familiar to the investigating officer(s), previous information obtained regarding the suspect can certainly be used to help establish probable cause. - Targeted previously by search warrants - Insufficient standing alone, but strengthens the current PC

utility records to establish residency - ----Answers---- Identifying the occupants of a dwelling can be accomplished

through a variety of resources, including: - Property tax

records (establishing ownership) - Electric, water, gas, phone, cable and other utilities - Agency arrest and incident report records - DMV driver's license records - GCIC vehicle registrations - Mail cover

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