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Mark Klimek Lectures 1 to 12: The

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Lecture 1— Acid-Base Balance Ventilators

Lecture 2— Alcohol Wernicke Overdose and Withdrawal S/Sx Aminoglycosides Peak and Trough

Lecture 3— Drug Toxicities (Lithium, Lanoxin, Dilantin, Bilirubin, Aminophylline) Kernicterus Dumping/HH

Electrolytes: K+, CA, MG,

and NA TX for HyperKalemia

Lecture 4— Crutches Canes Walkers Delusions Hallucinations Psychosis Psychotic and Non-Psychotic Hallucination Illusion Delusion

Lecture 5— Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Insipidus SIADH Insulin DKA HHNK

Lecture 6— Drug Toxicities (Lithium, Lanoxin, Dilantin, Bilirubin, Aminophylline) Kernicterus Dumping/HH

Electrolytes: K+, CA, MG,

and NA TX for HyperKalemia

Lecture 7— Thyroid (Hyper-, Hypo-) Adrenal Cortex (Addison Disease, Cushing) Toys Laminectomy

Lecture 8— Lab Values Five Deadly Ds Neutropenic Precaution

Lecture 9— Psych Drugs Tri Benzo MAOI Lithium Prozac Haldol Clozaril Zoloft

Lecture 10— Maternity and Neonatology

Lecture 11— Fetal Complications Stages of Labor Assessments Variations for NB Maternity Meds Medication Hints Psych Tips Operational Stages

Lecture 12— Prioritization Delegation Staff Management Guessing Strategies

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Acid/Base Balance (Start times: 30:00)

In order to solve acid-base disorders, it is important to know the normal values for pH, CO2 and HCO3 (bicarbonate), which are shown below • pH 7.35 to 7.45 • CO2 35 to 45 • HCO3 22 to 26

The first value to look at in an acid-base disorder is the pH • If pH is <7.35, the acid-base imbalance is acidotic • If pH is <7.45, the acid-base imbalance is alkalotic

Now, to determine if the imbalance is metabolic or respiratory, determine whether HCO3 goes in the same or opposite direction with pH • Rule of the Bs: If pH and Bicarb move both in the same direction, then the acid-base imbalance is metabolic … Otherwise, it is respiratory

Example #1 • pH 7.3 Acidotic • HCO3 20 Metabolic • This is an example of metabolic acidosis

Example #2 • pH 7.58 Alkalotic • HCO3 32 Metabolic • This is an example of metabolic alkalosis

Example #3 • pH 7.22 Acidosis • HCO3 35 Respiratory • This is an example of respiratory acidosis

As the pH goes, so goes my patient, except for Potassium … That means • If pH is low, everything is low, except potassium • If pH is high, everything is high, except potassium

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