Hypertension NCLEX Questions

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NCLEX style questions: Hypertensio...

20 terms hannahk0729Preview Diabet Teacher ssa Which action will the nurse in the hypertension clinic take in order to obtain an accurate baseline blood pressure (BP) for a new patient?

• Deflate the BP cuff at a rate of 5 to 10 mm Hg per second.
• Have the patient sit in a chair with the feet flat on the floor.
• Assist the patient to the supine position for BP measurements.
• Obtain two BP readings in the dominant arm and average the results.

b The nurse obtains the following information from a patient newly diagnosed with prehypertension. Which finding is most important to address with the patient?

• Low dietary fiber intake
• No regular aerobic exercise
• Weight 5 pounds above ideal weight
• Drinks a beer with dinner on most nights

b-The recommendations for preventing hypertension include exercising aerobically for 30 minutes most days of the week.Which action should the nurse take when administering the initial dose of oral labetalol (Normodyne) to a patient with hypertension?

• Encourage the use of hard candy to prevent dry mouth.
• Instruct the patient to ask for help if heart palpitations occur.
• Ask the patient to request assistance when getting out of bed.
• Teach the patient that headaches may occur with this medication.

c-Labetalol decreases sympathetic nervous system activity by blocking both á- and beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to vasodilation and a decrease in heart rate, which can cause severe orthostatic hypotension.

After the nurse teaches the patient with stage 1 hypertension about diet modifications that should be implemented, which diet choice indicates that the teaching has been effective?

• The patient avoids eating nuts or nut butters.
• The patient restricts intake of chicken and fish.
• The patient has two cups of coffee in the morning.
• The patient has a glass of low-fat milk with each meal.

d-For the prevention of hypertension, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) recommendations include increasing the intake of calcium-rich foods.A patient has just been diagnosed with hypertension and has been started on captopril (Capoten). Which information is important to include when teaching the patient about this medication?

• Check blood pressure (BP) in both arms before taking the medication.
• Increase fluid intake if dryness of the mouth is a problem.
• Include high-potassium foods such as bananas in the diet.
• Change position slowly to help prevent dizziness and falls.

d-The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors frequently cause orthostatic hypotension, and patients should be taught to change position slowly to allow the vascular system time to compensate for the position change.Propranolol (Inderal) is prescribed for a patient diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse should consult with the health care provider before giving this medication when the patient reveals a history of

• asthma.
• daily alcohol use.
• peptic ulcer disease.
• myocardial infarction (MI).

a-Nonselective -blockers block 1- and 2-adrenergic receptors and can cause bronchospasm, especially in patients with a history of asthma.A 56-year-old patient who has no previous history of hypertension or other health problems suddenly develops a blood pressure (BP) of 198/110 mm Hg. After reconfirming the BP, it is appropriate for the nurse to tell the patient that

• a BP recheck should be scheduled in a few weeks.
• dietary sodium and fat content should be decreased.
• there is an immediate danger of a stroke and hospitalization will be required.
• diagnosis of a possible cause, treatment, and ongoing monitoring will be needed.

d-A sudden increase in BP in a patient over age 50 with no previous hypertension history or risk factors indicates that the hypertension may be secondary to some other problem Terms (7) Hide definitions