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BIOD103 / BIOD 103 Module 4:

(Latest Update 2025 / 2026) Medical Terminology | Questions & Answers | Grade A 100% Correct - Portage Learning

Question:

A 54-year-old female presented with the complaint of muscle weakness, hair loss, coarse dry skin, fatigue, and confusion. On physical examination, a goiter is felt in her neck, and she has had a 10-lb weight gain over the past year.

What is a possible diagnosis? What would the treatment be for this condition?

Answer:

These are symptoms of hypothyroidism.

Treatment for hypothyroidism is with synthetic thyroid hormone.

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Question:

Identify the symptoms of Graves' disease. Identify the hormone that has increased secretion in this disease.

Answer:

The symptoms of hyperthyroidism and Graves' disease include hyperactivity, nervousness, irritability, sweating, palpitations, weight loss, diarrhea, and easy fatigue.

These are largely the result of an increased basal metabolic rate due to increased thyroid hormone. Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease where antibodies stimulate the thyroid to produce too much T4.

Question:

Polyuria, albuminuria, and ketonuria are abnormal conditions of the urine.Name the disease that results in these conditions if left untreated.

Answer:

Diabetes mellitus

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Question:

Describe the differences between the two subtypes of diabetes mellitus.

Answer:

The two subtypes of diabetes mellitus are insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. IDDM is a result of the pancreas no longer secreting the hormone insulin, and NIDDM is a result of the body's cells no longer properly responding to the insulin that is secreted.

IDDM is treated with insulin injections. NIDDM is treated with medications that increase the body's sensitivity to insulin.

Question:

Name the screening tool used in the diagnosis of dementia.

Answer:

The mini-mental state examination

Question:

Identify the disease and the neurotransmitter that is deficient in a patient with a tremor at rest, bradykinesia, shuffling gait, and rigidity.

Answer:

The disease is Parkinson's disease, and it is the result of decreased levels of dopamine. 3 / 4

Question:

Describe the treatment option available to Parkinson's disease patients when the medications to increase the levels of dopamine are no longer effective.

Answer:

Deep brain stimulation is a surgically implanted device that stimulates the motor centers of the brain.

Question:

Name the most common type of primary brain tumor.

Answer:

An astrocytoma is the most common primary brain tumor.

Question:

What are the differences between a glioma, neuroma, and a meningioma?

Answer:

A glioma is a tumor made of nervous tissue.

A neuroma is a tumor of the nerves.

A meningioma is a tumor of the meninges.

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