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Midterm Exam: NR546 / NR 546
(Latest Update 2025 / 2026) Advanced Pharmacology Psychopharmacology for the Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner | Questions and Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
Question:
psychotropic drug metabolism may be impacted by
Answer:
age, smoking, caffeine, other meds, food
Question:
why do some drugs take time to take effect
Answer:
signal transduction cascades can produce downstream (delayed) and/or long lasting effects
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Question:
- dopamine pathways
Answer:
- nigrostriatal
- mesolimbic
- mesocortical
- tuberoinfundibular
- thalamic
Question:
nigrostriatal
Answer:
-substantia nigra to basal ganglia or striatum -extrapyramidal nervous sytem -controls motor function and movement -dopamine def = parkinsonism, tremor, rigidity, akinesia/bradykinesia, tardive dyskinesia -dopamine excess = hyperkinetic movements (tics, dyskinesia) -remember nigrostriatal = eps
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Question:
mesolimbic
Answer:
-midbrain to ventral trigeminal nerve (VTA) -part of limbic system -pleasurable sensations, powerful euphoria of drug abuse, delusions, hallucinations -hypoactivity of pathway = anhedonia, apathy, lack of energy -hyperactivity = impulsive, agistated, aggressive, hostile -remember mesolimbic = positive symptoms
Question:
mesocortical
Answer:
=VTA to ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) -mediating cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia -negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia may be due to deficit of DA activity in this pathway -remember mesocortical = negative symptoms
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Question:
Tuberoinfundibular
Answer:
-hypothalamus to anterior pituitary -controls prolactin secretion -adverse effects = elevated prolactin levels are associated with galactorrhea (breast secretions), gynecomastia (enlarged breasts esp in men), amenorrhea, sexual dysfxn -remember tuberoinfundibular = hyperprolactinemia
Question:
hyperprolactinemia
Answer:
serum prolactin level rises due to blockade of dopamine in hypothalamus.may be asymptomatic or -irregular menses -male gynecomastia -nipple discharge -osteoporosis
- sexual dysfunction and infertility (both genders)
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